Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 65080-040, São Luis, MA, Brazil.
Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Universidade do Estado do Pará, 66087-662, Belém, PA, Brazil.
Chem Biodivers. 2023 Aug;20(8):e202300864. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202300864. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
Dizygostemon riparius (Plantaginaceae) is an aromatic herbal species known as "Melosa", endemic to the Municipality of São Benedito do Rio Preto, East Maranhão state, Brazil. It has a refreshing and pleasant aroma and is used for food flavoring and controlling domestic animal parasites. This work aimed to evaluate the seasonal and circadian influence on the composition and production of essential oils (EOs) from D. riparius. The plant aerial parts were hydrodistilled, and the oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The seasonal study was conducted from August 2019 to July 2020, and the circadian study in dry (November) and rainy (May) periods, at 6 am, 12 am, and 6 pm. The results showed that the medium EOs yield was 2.8 %, and the primary constituents (>2 %) were endo-fenchyl acetate (30.5-42.1 %) and endo-fenchol (31.6-37.4 %), (E)-caryophyllene (2.8-7.6 %), α-fenchene (3.3-6.5 %), p-cymene (0.7-4.5 %), and caryophyllene oxide (1.4-2.7 %). Yield and composition of EOs did not significantly correlate with the climatic parameters, but their seasonal percentages influenced their two main components due to precipitation and solar radiation environmental factors. Quantitative variability in the EOs composition during the dry and rainy seasons was observed in the circadian period. These data may be significant for the plant's economic use.
裂药香（车前科）是一种芳香草本植物，被称为“Melosa”，原产于巴西马拉尼昂州圣贝内迪托杜里奥普雷托市。它具有清新宜人的香气，用于食品调味和控制家畜寄生虫。本工作旨在评估季节性和昼夜节律对裂药香（Dizygostemon riparius）精油（EOs）组成和产量的影响。植物地上部分用水蒸气蒸馏，用 GC 和 GC/MS 进行分析。季节性研究于 2019 年 8 月至 2020 年 7 月进行，昼夜节律研究于旱季（11 月）和雨季（5 月）在上午 6 点、中午 12 点和下午 6 点进行。结果表明，中等 EOs 产率为 2.8%，主要成分（＞2%）为endo-fenchyl acetate（30.5-42.1%）和endo-fenchol（31.6-37.4%）、（E）-石竹烯（2.8-7.6%）、α-葎草烯（3.3-6.5%）、对伞花烃（0.7-4.5%）和石竹烯氧化物（1.4-2.7%）。EOs 的产量和组成与气候参数没有显著相关性，但由于降水和太阳辐射环境因素，其季节性百分比影响了它们的两个主要成分。在干季和雨季，EOs 组成的昼夜节律变化在昼夜节律期间是有规律的。这些数据可能对植物的经济利用具有重要意义。
