Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "S. de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 7;15(24):5026. doi: 10.3390/nu15245026.
A healthy intestinal permeability facilitates the selective transport of nutrients, metabolites, water, and bacterial products, involving cellular, neural, hormonal, and immune factors. An altered intestinal permeability indicates pathologic phenotypes and is associated with the exacerbation of obesity and related comorbidities. To investigate the impact of altered permeability in obese patients undergoing a calorie-restrictive dietary regimen (VLCKD), we collected urinary and fecal samples from obese patients with both normal and altered permeability (determined based on the lactulose/mannitol ratio) before and after treatment. The analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) aids in understanding the metabolites produced by the intestinal microbiota in this unique ecological niche. Furthermore, we examined clinical and anthropometric variables from the cohort and compared them to significant VOC panels. Consequently, we identified specific markers in the metabolomics data that differentiated between normal and altered profiles before and after the diet. These markers indicated how the variable contribution specifically accounted for interleukins and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The targeted metabolomics experiment detected no differences in measured short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). In summary, our study evaluated metabolomic markers capable of distinguishing low-grade inflammation conditions, exacerbated in more advanced stages of obesity with altered intestinal permeability.
健康的肠道通透性有助于营养物质、代谢产物、水和细菌产物的选择性运输，涉及细胞、神经、激素和免疫因素。肠道通透性的改变表明存在病理表型，并与肥胖及其相关并发症的恶化有关。为了研究改变的通透性在接受热量限制饮食方案（VLCKD）的肥胖患者中的影响，我们收集了肥胖患者的尿液和粪便样本，这些患者的通透性正常和改变（根据乳果糖/甘露醇比确定），并在治疗前后进行了分析。分析挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）有助于了解肠道微生物群在这个独特生态位中产生的代谢物。此外，我们还检查了队列中的临床和人体测量学变量，并将其与重要的 VOC 面板进行了比较。结果，我们在代谢组学数据中确定了特定的标志物，这些标志物可区分饮食前后正常和改变的图谱。这些标志物表明，变量的贡献如何具体解释了白细胞介素和脂多糖（LPS）。靶向代谢组学实验检测到测量的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）没有差异。总之，我们的研究评估了能够区分低度炎症状态的代谢组学标志物，这些状态在肥胖程度加重和肠道通透性改变的更晚期阶段加剧。
