Liu Yuzhao, Meng Xiangyu, Shi Yu, Qiu Jieshan, Wang Zhiyu
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
Branch of New Material Development, Valiant Co. Ltd., Yantai, 265503, China.
Adv Mater. 2023 Oct;35(42):e2305386. doi: 10.1002/adma.202305386. Epub 2023 Sep 21.
Initially, anode-free Li metal batteries present a promising power source that merges the high production feasibility of Li-ion batteries with the superb energy capabilities of Li-metal batteries. However, their application confronts formidable challenges of extremely short lifespan due to the inadequacy of zero-Li-excess cell configuration against irreversible Li loss. A Li compensation coupled interface engineering strategy is reported for realizing long-life quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries. The Li S is utilized as a sacrificial Li supplement to effectively counterbalance irreversible Li loss without damage to cell chemistry. Meanwhile, it demonstrates remarkable efficacy in establishing a robust yet slender inorganic-organic hybrid solid-state interphase for inhibiting cell degradation by dead and dendritic Li. This strategy enables quasi-solid-state anode-free batteries with a long lifespan of 500 cycles. The Ah-scale quasi-solid-state pouch cells, featuring a high-loading LiFePO cathode and lean gel polymer electrolyte, exhibit a high specific energy of 300 Wh kg . This achievement translates into an improvement of 46% in gravimetric energy and 94% in volumetric energy compared to LiFePO ||graphite batteries while outperforming LiFePO ||Li-metal batteries by 22-47% in volumetric energy. Such quasi-solid-state anode-free cells also demonstrate good safety, showcasing remarkable resistance against nail penetration in ambient air without failure, smoke, or fire accidents.
最初，无阳极锂金属电池是一种很有前景的电源，它将锂离子电池的高生产可行性与锂金属电池的卓越能量能力结合在一起。然而，由于零锂过量电池配置不足以应对不可逆的锂损失，它们的应用面临着寿命极短的巨大挑战。本文报道了一种锂补偿耦合界面工程策略，用于实现长寿命准固态无阳极电池。Li S被用作牺牲性锂补充剂，以有效抵消不可逆的锂损失，同时不损害电池化学性质。与此同时，它在建立一个坚固而纤细的无机-有机混合固态界面方面表现出显著效果，该界面可抑制由死锂和枝晶锂导致的电池降解。这种策略使准固态无阳极电池的寿命长达500次循环。具有高负载LiFePO 阴极和贫凝胶聚合物电解质的Ah级准固态软包电池，展现出300 Wh kg的高比能量。与LiFePO ||石墨电池相比，这一成果在重量能量方面提高了46%，在体积能量方面提高了94%，同时在体积能量方面比LiFePO ||锂金属电池高出22 - 47%。这种准固态无阳极电池还表现出良好的安全性，在环境空气中对钉子穿透具有显著抗性，不会出现故障、冒烟或火灾事故。
