Post Graduation Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Faculty of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 Jul 18;24(1):587. doi: 10.1186/s12891-023-06708-z.
Scoliosis is defined as a three-dimensional deformity of the spine characterized by lateral tilt and axial rotation of the vertebrae. Its magnitude in the frontal plane is identified by a Cobb angle greater than 10. The aim of the study was to systematically examine the clinimetric properties of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ) in its cross-cultural adaptations in different languages.
Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, EMBASE, Science Direct, PsycINFO and WorldWideScience.org databases were used for screening studies until July 16, 2022. In this study, records on the development, evaluation and translation of the SAQ instrument in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis were included. In addition, two independent reviewers defined whether the studies were eligible and analyzed their psychometric properties of internal consistency, reliability, content validity, cross-cultural validity, construct validity and structural validity, according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). The modified GRADE was applied for evidence synthesis.
A total of 95 articles were selected by title and abstract. After removing duplicates and reading and searching the references, a total of 13 studies were included in this review. The original version of the SAQ was described in English, and the instrument was translated into Polish, Canadian French, Simplified Chinese, Spanish (Europe), Danish, Traditional Chinese, Portuguese (Brazil), Korean, German, Turkish and Persian. The evidence was moderate for construct validity, low for internal consistency, and very low for reliability and cross-cultural validity; the content and structural validity properties did not present minimum data for classification.
The quality of the evidence regarding the clinimetric properties of the SAQ instrument in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis was low due to the absence of clinimetric properties or dubious methodological quality. However, for clinical practice and research, we recommend the use of the instrument to assess the self-perception of the spine in adolescents. For future translations and adaptations, we recommend the use of the COSMIN guidelines.
脊柱侧凸定义为一种脊柱三维畸形，其特征为椎体的侧向倾斜和轴向旋转。其在前平面上的程度通过 Cobb 角大于 10 度来确定。本研究旨在系统地检查 Spinal Appearance Questionnaire（SAQ）在其不同语言的跨文化适应性中的临床测量学特性。
使用 Medline（PubMed）、CINAHL、EMBASE、Science Direct、PsycINFO 和 WorldWideScience.org 数据库筛选研究，截止日期为 2022 年 7 月 16 日。本研究纳入了青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者 SAQ 仪器的开发、评估和翻译的记录。此外，两位独立的审查员根据共识基础健康测量仪器选择标准（COSMIN），定义了研究是否合格，并分析了其内部一致性、可靠性、内容有效性、跨文化有效性、构念有效性和结构有效性的心理测量特性。应用改良 GRADE 进行证据综合。
通过标题和摘要共筛选出 95 篇文章。在去除重复项并阅读和搜索参考文献后，共有 13 项研究纳入本综述。SAQ 的原始版本用英语描述，该仪器被翻译成波兰语、加拿大法语、简体中文、西班牙语（欧洲）、丹麦语、繁体中文、葡萄牙语（巴西）、韩语、德语、土耳其语和波斯语。构念有效性的证据为中等，内部一致性为低，可靠性和跨文化有效性为极低；内容和结构有效性的属性没有提供分类的最低数据。
由于缺乏临床测量学特性或方法学质量存在疑问，青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者 SAQ 仪器的临床测量学特性的证据质量较低。然而，对于临床实践和研究，我们建议使用该仪器评估青少年对脊柱的自我感知。对于未来的翻译和改编，我们建议使用 COSMIN 指南。
