Epidemiology and Surveillance Section, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, 25 hospital St, Construction hill, Braamfontein, South Africa.
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMC Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 18;23(1):480. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08458-8.
Uganda is among the 10 countries in the sub-Saharan Africa region that have the highest prevalence of diarrhoeal disease. Evidence suggests that the severity of childhood diarrhoeal disease is escalated through various sociodemographic and environmental factors.
To assess prevalence of diarrheal illness in children below the age of 5 years in Uganda in 2016 and associated factors.
A cross-sectional study was employed that analyzed secondary data from the 2016 Uganda Demography and Health Surveys. Children with and without diarrhea were compared. A logistic regression was used to determine sociodemographic and environmental factors associated with diarrheal illness in children with statistical significance at p < 0.05.
The prevalence of childhood diarrhoeal illness for children below the age of 5 years in Uganda was 20.9% (n = 2838/13,753). There was a statistically significant difference when comparing children diarrhoeal with the following sociodemographic factors: caregiver's age, child's age and gender and duration of breastfeeding (p < 0.0001). Children with a caregiver aged between 15 and 24 years (aOR;1.42; 95% CI:1.24-1.62) and 25-34 years (aOR;1.19; 95% CI:1.04-1.37) were more likely to report diarrhoeal disease, compared to those with a caregiver aged 35-49 years. For environmental factors, households using springs water, access to health facility and children who received a dose of vitamin A had a decreased risk of reporting children diarrhoeal.
Significant factors in the study like caregiver's age, gender and duration of breastfeeding will create the opportunity for all interventions to shift their focus to these factors thus a better evidence-based approach to reducing of diarrhoeal disease will be achieved in the country.
乌干达是撒哈拉以南非洲地区 10 个腹泻病发病率最高的国家之一。有证据表明，儿童腹泻病的严重程度会因各种社会人口和环境因素而加剧。
评估 2016 年乌干达 5 岁以下儿童腹泻病的患病率及其相关因素。
采用横断面研究方法，对 2016 年乌干达人口与健康调查的二级数据进行分析。比较有腹泻和无腹泻的儿童。使用逻辑回归确定与儿童腹泻相关的社会人口学和环境因素，以 p<0.05 为统计学意义。
乌干达 5 岁以下儿童的腹泻病患病率为 20.9%（n=2838/13753）。与以下社会人口学因素相比，腹泻儿童存在统计学显著差异：照顾者年龄、儿童年龄和性别以及母乳喂养时间（p<0.0001）。15-24 岁（aOR 1.42；95%CI：1.24-1.62）和 25-34 岁（aOR 1.19；95%CI：1.04-1.37）的照顾者比 35-49 岁的照顾者更有可能报告儿童腹泻病。对于环境因素，使用泉水、获得卫生设施和接受维生素 A 剂量的家庭报告儿童腹泻的风险降低。
该研究中的重要因素，如照顾者年龄、性别和母乳喂养时间，将为所有干预措施提供机会，将重点转移到这些因素上，从而在该国实现基于证据的更好的腹泻病减少方法。
