Student Research Committee, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 Jul 18;24(1):584. doi: 10.1186/s12891-023-06704-3.
In this study, we aimed to illustrate the association between the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and Dietary Quality Index (DQI) with bone mineral density (BMD) among postmenopausal Iranian women with osteoporosis compared to the healthy control.
In the current case-control study, 131 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and 131 healthy postmenopausal women participated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck BMD. The subjects completed a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and then HEI and DQI were calculated based on the FFQ data. Crude and adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relation between HEI and DQI with the odds of the femoral and lumbar BMD.
According to the results, participants in the last tertile of HEI were more likely to have higher femoral and lumbar BMD in the crude model (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20-0.71 and OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.10-0.40, respectively) and also in the adjusted model (OR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.20-0.78 and OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.10-0.41, respectively). Also, in terms of DQI-I, participants in the last tertile were more likely to have higher femoral and lumbar BMD in the crude model (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.12-0.45 and OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.15-0.55, respectively) and also in the adjusted model (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.14-0.58 and OR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.17-0.67, respectively).
The results of the current study supported the hypothesis that high-quality diets with healthy patterns can be clinically effective in maintaining bone health. Thus, recommendations regarding the consumption of nutrient-rich food groups in a healthy diet can serve as a practical non-pharmacological strategy against osteoporosis.
本研究旨在阐明与健康饮食指数（HEI）和饮食质量指数（DQI）与伊朗绝经后骨质疏松女性的骨密度（BMD）之间的关联，与健康对照组相比。
在当前的病例对照研究中，共有 131 名绝经后骨质疏松症患者和 131 名健康绝经后女性参与。双能 X 射线吸收法用于评估腰椎和股骨颈 BMD。受试者完成了一份经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ），然后根据 FFQ 数据计算 HEI 和 DQI。使用未经调整和调整后的多变量逻辑回归来评估 HEI 和 DQI 与股骨和腰椎 BMD 的比值比（OR）之间的关系。
根据结果，在未调整模型中，HEI 最后三分位的参与者更有可能具有更高的股骨和腰椎 BMD（OR=0.38；95%置信区间（CI）：0.20-0.71 和 OR=0.20；95%CI：0.10-0.40），在调整后的模型中也是如此（OR=0.40；95%CI：0.20-0.78 和 OR=0.20；95%CI：0.10-0.41）。同样，就 DQI-I 而言，在未调整模型中，处于最后三分位的参与者更有可能具有更高的股骨和腰椎 BMD（OR=0.23；95%CI：0.12-0.45 和 OR=0.29；95%CI：0.15-0.55），在调整后的模型中也是如此（OR=0.29；95%CI：0.14-0.58 和 OR=0.34；95%CI：0.17-0.67）。
本研究的结果支持了这样一种假设，即健康饮食模式的高质量饮食可以在维持骨骼健康方面具有临床效果。因此，关于在健康饮食中摄入营养丰富的食物组的建议可以作为一种针对骨质疏松症的实用非药物策略。
