Egbe Catherine O, Gwambe Siphesihle, Londani Mukhethwa, Erinoso Olufemi, Ayo-Yusuf Olalekan A
Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Tob Induc Dis. 2023 Jul 17;21:94. doi: 10.18332/tid/168121. eCollection 2023.
Using more than one tobacco product increases the risk of tobacco-related diseases. We investigated trends in the prevalence and dual use of factory-made (FM) cigarettes, other tobacco products, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in South Africa over a 12-year period.
Data from five waves (2007, 2010, 2011, 2017, and 2018) of the South African Social Attitudes Survey (n=14582) were analyzed. The use of FM, roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes, cigars, waterpipe, smokeless tobacco (SLT), any combustible tobacco products (CTP), any tobacco product (ATP) use, and e-cigarettes was investigated. The dual use of FM cigarettes with either SLT, waterpipe or e-cigarettes was also explored. Chi-squared analyses and regression models were used to explore trends in prevalence over the 12-year period.
About 51% of the participants were female, and 51.9% were aged 16-34 years. CTP smoking significantly increased from 18.1% (2010) to 23.6% (2018) (p=0.015), while ATPU increased from 20.2% (2010) to 25.9% (2018) (p=0.005). Though dual use of FM cigarettes and SLT, waterpipe, or e-cigarettes was generally low, the prevalence of dual use significantly increased for all product combinations investigated: FM cigarettes and SLT (0.5% in 2007 to 1.3% in 2018, p=0.017), FM cigarettes and waterpipe (0.9% in 2010 to 2.5% in 2018, p=0.014), FM cigarettes and e-cigarettes (0.4% in 2010 to 1.8% in 2018, p<0.001). Compared to 2010, the odds of the prevalence of CTP and ATP use significantly increased by 37% in 2018 (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.06-1.77; p=0.018 and AOR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.08-1.73; p=0.009, respectively) during the 12-year period after adjusting for demographic characteristics.
The use and dual use of tobacco and electronic cigarette products have been increasing in recent years in South Africa. Interventions to help users quit and prevent young people from initiating use are urgently needed to curb these increases.
使用多种烟草制品会增加患烟草相关疾病的风险。我们调查了南非在12年期间工厂制造（FM）香烟、其他烟草制品和电子烟的流行趋势及双重使用情况。
分析了南非社会态度调查五轮（2007年、2010年、2011年、2017年和2018年）的数据（n = 14582）。调查了FM香烟、手卷烟（RYO）、雪茄、水烟、无烟烟草（SLT）、任何可燃烟草制品（CTP）、任何烟草制品（ATP）的使用情况以及电子烟的使用情况。还探讨了FM香烟与SLT、水烟或电子烟的双重使用情况。采用卡方分析和回归模型来探究12年期间的流行趋势。
约51%的参与者为女性，51.9%的参与者年龄在16 - 34岁之间。CTP吸烟率从2010年的18.1%显著上升至2018年的23.6%（p = 0.015），而ATP使用率从2010年的20.2%上升至2018年的25.9%（p = 0.005）。尽管FM香烟与SLT、水烟或电子烟的双重使用总体上较低，但所调查的所有产品组合的双重使用率均显著上升：FM香烟与SLT（从2007年的0.5%升至2018年的1.3%，p = 0.017），FM香烟与水烟（从2010年的0.9%升至2018年的2.5%，p = 0.014），FM香烟与电子烟（从2010年的0.4%升至2018年的1.8%，p < 0.001）。与2010年相比，在调整人口统计学特征后，2018年CTP和ATP使用流行率的比值比在12年期间分别显著增加了37%（调整后的比值比，AOR = 1.37；95%置信区间：1.06 - 1.77；p = 0.018和AOR = 1.37；95%置信区间：1.08 - 1.73；p = 0.009）。
近年来，南非烟草和电子烟产品的使用及双重使用情况一直在增加。迫切需要采取干预措施帮助使用者戒烟并防止年轻人开始使用，以遏制这些增长趋势。
