Leuteritz Sophie, Böhme Stephanie, Mühlberger Andreas, Greve Werner
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 3;14:1150475. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1150475. eCollection 2023.
Listening to trauma reports can lead to the development of symptoms associated with secondary traumatization. This is particularly relevant for psychotherapists in practice, where psychologists need to estabilish effective strategies for processing and coping with such emotionally challenging events. This explorative study investigated adaptive reframing strategies for future therapists listening to trauma stories compared to feeling empathy for the client. In a mixed design, 42 postgraduate psychology students were randomly instructed to objectively distance themselves, reappraise, or feel empathetic while watching a video of a presumed trauma patient reporting a single violent act. An overall ANOVA did not reveal a difference between the reframing groups and the empathy group (between subjects manipulated) in their skin conductance level and heart rate variability during the video, as well as their change in state depression and state anxiety over the three measurements (before the video, after the video, and 2 days later). Nevertheless, an explorative -test showed a significantly weaker rise in state depression and state anxiety from before the video to after the video in the reframing groups compared to the empathy group. This supports the suggestion that reframing strategies can be discussed as a protective factor against health issues such as secondary traumatization in therapists and should be examined in further studies in more detail.
听取创伤报告可能会导致出现与继发性创伤相关的症状。这对于实际工作中的心理治疗师尤为重要，因为心理学家需要制定有效的策略来处理和应对这类情感上具有挑战性的事件。这项探索性研究调查了未来治疗师在听取创伤故事时，相较于对来访者产生同理心，采用适应性重新建构策略的情况。在一项混合设计中，42名心理学研究生被随机指示在观看一名假定的创伤患者报告一次暴力行为的视频时，客观地保持距离、重新评估或产生同理心。一项总体方差分析并未揭示在观看视频期间，重新建构组和同理心组（被试间操纵）在皮肤电导率水平和心率变异性方面存在差异，以及在三次测量（视频前、视频后和两天后）中他们的状态抑郁和状态焦虑的变化存在差异。然而，一项探索性检验表明，与同理心组相比，重新建构组从视频前到视频后状态抑郁和状态焦虑的上升明显较弱。这支持了这样一种观点，即重新建构策略可以被视为治疗师预防诸如继发性创伤等健康问题的保护因素，并且应该在进一步的研究中进行更详细的考察。
