Dept. of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2012 Jan;40(1):73-84. doi: 10.1007/s10802-011-9544-0.
The current study compares the effects of experimentally induced rumination, positive reappraisal, distancing, and acceptance on affect states in adolescents aged 13-18. Participants (N = 160) were instructed to think about a recent stressful event. Next, they received specific instructions on how to think about that event in each condition. Manipulation checks revealed that the manipulations were successful, except for acceptance. The two most reported events were "a fight" and "death of loved one". Results showed that positive reappraisal (i.e., thinking about the benefits and personal growth) caused a significantly larger increase in positive affect and decrease in negative affect compared to rumination, distancing, and acceptance. Current findings implicate that positive reappraisal seems an adequate coping strategy in the short-term, and therefore could be applied in interventions for youth experiencing difficulties managing negative affect. Future research should focus on long-term effects of these cognitive strategies and on more intensive training of acceptance.
本研究比较了实验诱发的沉思、积极重评、距离化和接纳对 13-18 岁青少年情绪状态的影响。参与者（N=160）被要求思考最近发生的一件压力事件。接下来，他们收到了关于在每种情况下如何思考该事件的具体说明。操作检查显示，除了接纳之外，其他操作都成功了。两个最常报告的事件是“打架”和“所爱之人的死亡”。结果表明，与沉思、距离化和接纳相比，积极重评（即思考好处和个人成长）导致积极情绪显著增加，消极情绪显著减少。目前的研究结果表明，积极重评在短期内似乎是一种适当的应对策略，因此可以应用于干预青少年管理消极情绪的困难。未来的研究应集中于这些认知策略的长期影响，以及对接受的更深入培训。
