Baker M D
J Pediatr. 1986 Sep;109(3):538-42. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(86)80140-8.
Sixty-five cases of theophylline toxicity in children were reviewed. Vomiting, tachycardia, and central nervous system excitation were the most common manifestations. Seizure activity occurred in four acutely intoxicated children whose serum theophylline concentrations were less than 70 micrograms/ml. Two patients experienced visual hallucinations in association with high serum theophylline levels. Dosing errors accounted for the majority of cases. Most instances of toxicity could have been avoided by more careful consideration of the patient's medication history and more diligent monitoring of serum theophylline concentrations.
回顾了65例儿童茶碱中毒病例。呕吐、心动过速和中枢神经系统兴奋是最常见的表现。4例急性中毒儿童出现癫痫发作，其血清茶碱浓度低于70微克/毫升。2例患者在血清茶碱水平较高时出现视幻觉。给药错误占大多数病例。通过更仔细地考虑患者的用药史和更勤勉地监测血清茶碱浓度，大多数中毒情况本可避免。
