Bresin Konrad, Hunt Rowan A
University of Louisville, KY, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2025 Feb;51(2):239-252. doi: 10.1177/01461672231185509. Epub 2023 Jul 21.
Appetitive and aversive motivation are prominent in theories of dysregulated behaviors. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of the association between individual differences in appetitive and aversive motivation and several dysregulated behaviors (i.e., alcohol use, marijuana use, tobacco use, binge eating, aggression, gambling, and nonsuicidal self-injury). Alcohol use ( = .17, = 141), marijuana use ( = .13, = 23), aggression ( = .22, = 52), and gambling ( = .08, = 55) were all significantly positively related to appetitive motivation. Binge eating ( = .28, = 34) and self-injury ( = .17, = 10) were significantly positively related to aversive motivation. Effect sizes were similar to the median effect size in personality research. Together, these results provide some evidence that some dysregulated behaviors are more correlated with approach motivation, whereas others are more correlated with aversive motivation, which may indicate distinct etiological pathways.
在行为失调理论中，奖赏动机和厌恶动机较为突出。作者对奖赏动机和厌恶动机的个体差异与几种行为失调（即饮酒、使用大麻、吸烟、暴饮暴食、攻击行为、赌博和非自杀性自伤）之间的关联进行了一项荟萃分析。饮酒（r = 0.17，N = 141）、使用大麻（r = 0.13，N = 23）、攻击行为（r = 0.22，N = 52）和赌博（r = 0.08，N = 55）均与奖赏动机显著正相关。暴饮暴食（r = 0.28，N = 34）和自我伤害（r = 0.17，N = 10）与厌恶动机显著正相关。效应大小与人格研究中的中位数效应大小相似。总之，这些结果提供了一些证据，表明一些行为失调与趋近动机的相关性更强，而另一些则与厌恶动机的相关性更强，这可能表明存在不同的病因途径。
