Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
J Control Release. 2023 Aug;360:888-912. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.034. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a complex combination of proteins, proteoglycans, and other biomolecules. ECM-based materials have been demonstrated to have high biocompatibility and bioactivity, which may be harnessed for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Herein, nanoparticles incorporating ECM-based materials and their applications in drug delivery and tissue engineering are reviewed. Proteins such as gelatin, collagen, and fibrin as well as glycosaminoglycans including hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and heparin have been employed for cancer therapeutic delivery, gene delivery, and wound healing and regenerative medicine. Strategies for modifying and functionalizing these materials with synthetic and natural polymers or to enable stimuli-responsive degradation and drug release have increased the efficacy of these materials and nano-systems. The incorporation and modification of ECM-based materials may be used to drive drug targeting and increase tissue-specific cell differentiation more effectively.
细胞外基质（ECM）由多种蛋白质、蛋白聚糖和其他生物分子组成。已证明基于 ECM 的材料具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性，可用于药物输送和组织工程应用。本文综述了包含 ECM 材料的纳米颗粒及其在药物输送和组织工程中的应用。已将蛋白质（如明胶、胶原和纤维蛋白）以及糖胺聚糖（包括透明质酸、硫酸软骨素和肝素）用于癌症治疗药物输送、基因输送以及伤口愈合和再生医学。通过将这些材料与合成和天然聚合物进行修饰和功能化，或者实现对刺激的响应性降解和药物释放，可提高这些材料和纳米系统的功效。基于 ECM 的材料的掺入和修饰可用于更有效地驱动药物靶向和增加组织特异性细胞分化。
