School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
Phytochem Anal. 2023 Dec;34(8):984-996. doi: 10.1002/pca.3266. Epub 2023 Jul 22.
Ophiocordyceps gracilis, a type of edible and medicinal fungus, exhibits multiple health-promoting effects. Due to the scarcity of natural O. gracilis, artificial cultures have been developed as its substitutes. However, lacking comprehension of the metabolite composition of cultures limits its utilisation.
This research aimed to evaluate the nutritional and medicinal value of four cultures of O. gracilis by analysing their metabolite composition. In addition, metabolic pathways in mycelia and fruiting bodies were analysed to explore fruiting body formation mechanism at metabolic level.
The mycelia, fermentation broth, spore powder and fruiting bodies of O. gracilis were cultivated in this study. Their metabolite composition was compared using an untargeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) showed that the four cultures have noticeable differences in metabolite composition. A total of 612 metabolites were identified, among which 159 metabolites showed significant differences, and these differential metabolites were classified into 13 categories. The metabolites in the fruiting bodies were the most abundant compared with other cultures. However, each culture had its own advantages and significantly accumulates some active metabolites respectively. Pearson's correlation analysed the mutual relationship among metabolites. In addition, seven metabolic pathways were closely related to fruiting body formation, such as "Biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites", "amino acids metabolism", "tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle".
This study offered a reference to mycelia, fermentation broth, spore powder and fruiting bodies of O. gracilis as health-promoting functional foods and medicine.
纤细蛇菰是一种可食用和药用真菌，具有多种促进健康的作用。由于天然纤细蛇菰的稀缺，已开发出人工培养物作为其替代品。然而，由于缺乏对培养物代谢成分的理解，限制了其利用。
本研究旨在通过分析四种纤细蛇菰培养物的代谢成分来评估其营养价值和药用价值。此外，还分析了菌丝体和子实体的代谢途径，以从代谢水平探索子实体形成的机制。
本研究中培养了纤细蛇菰的菌丝体、发酵液、孢子粉和子实体。采用基于液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）的非靶向代谢组学方法比较它们的代谢成分。
主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）表明，四种培养物的代谢成分存在明显差异。共鉴定出 612 种代谢物，其中 159 种代谢物存在显著差异，这些差异代谢物分为 13 类。与其他培养物相比，子实体中的代谢物最为丰富。然而，每种培养物都有其自身的优势，分别显著积累了一些活性代谢物。Pearson 相关分析了代谢物之间的相互关系。此外，有七个代谢途径与子实体形成密切相关，如“植物次生代谢物的生物合成”、“氨基酸代谢”、“三羧酸（TCA）循环”。
本研究为纤细蛇菰的菌丝体、发酵液、孢子粉和子实体作为促进健康的功能性食品和药物提供了参考。
