Singh Vinit Kumar, Muralidhar Daliboina, Malo Palash Kumar, Bhaskarapillai Binukumar, Muralidharan Kesavan
Dept. of Psychiatric Social Work, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (INI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Dept. of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (INI), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2023 Jul;45(4):352-359. doi: 10.1177/02537176231155039. Epub 2023 Feb 25.
Persons with severe mental illness (SMI) reportedly have a high mortality rate due to metabolic syndrome (MS). However, lifestyle modification (LM) offers effective management of some components of MS. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LM in reducing body-weight-related parameters in SMIs.
Eighty participants with SMI were assigned randomly to either LM ( = 40) or treatment as usual (TAU; = 40) groups using block randomization (eight blocks of = 10). The LM group and their caregivers received a structured LM package that included nutrition counselling, recommendations on a balanced diet, and physical activity. The two groups were assessed on body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and quality of life (QOL) at baseline and after three months. Thirty-one LM and 33 TAU participants completed the study.
The LM and TAU groups were comparable on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and baseline variables of body weight, BMI, WC, and WHR (all P > 0.08). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (RM ANOVA) showed that the LM group had significantly reduced body weight, BMI, WC, and WHR (all P < 0.001) than the TAU group. Similarly, the LM group also showed improvement in their QOL (P < 0.001), whereas TAU showed no improvement.
LM is an effective way to reduce body-weight-related parameters of MS and improves the QOL among persons with SMI in the short term. The caregivers' inclusion during LM contributed to the weight reduction. However, the long-term effect of the intervention could not be assessed.
据报道，患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的人因代谢综合征（MS）死亡率很高。然而，生活方式改变（LM）对MS的某些组成部分提供了有效的管理。本研究旨在评估LM对降低SMI患者体重相关参数的有效性。
80名SMI参与者使用区组随机化（8个区组，每组10人）随机分配到LM组（n = 40）或常规治疗（TAU；n = 40）组。LM组及其护理人员接受了一个结构化的LM方案，其中包括营养咨询、均衡饮食建议和体育活动。在基线和三个月后，对两组的体重、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）和生活质量（QOL）进行评估。31名LM组和33名TAU组参与者完成了研究。
LM组和TAU组在社会人口统计学和临床特征以及体重、BMI、WC和WHR的基线变量方面具有可比性（所有P>0.08）。重复测量方差分析（RM ANOVA）显示，LM组的体重、BMI、WC和WHR显著低于TAU组（所有P<0.001）。同样，LM组的QOL也有所改善（P<0.001），而TAU组没有改善。
LM是短期内降低MS患者体重相关参数并改善其QOL的有效方法。LM过程中纳入护理人员有助于减轻体重。然而，无法评估干预的长期效果。
