Akash Muhammad Sajid Hamid, Yaqoob Azka, Rehman Kanwal, Imran Muhammad, Assiri Mohammed A, Al-Rashed Fatema, Al-Mulla Fahd, Ahmad Rasheed, Sindhu Sardar
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan.
Front Mol Biosci. 2023 Jul 6;10:1218497. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1218497. eCollection 2023.
Heavy metals are the metal compounds found in earth's crust and have densities higher than that of water. Common heavy metals include the lead, arsenic, mercury, cadmium, copper, manganese, chromium, nickel, and aluminum. Their environmental levels are consistently rising above the permissible limits and they are highly toxic as enter living systems via inhalation, ingestion, or inoculation. Prolonged exposures cause the disruption of metabolism, altered gene and/or protein expression, and dysregulated metabolite profiles. Metabolomics is a state of the art analytical tool widely used for pathomolecular inv22estigations, biomarkers, drug discovery and validation of biotransformation pathways in the fields of biomedicine, nutrition, agriculture, and industry. Here, we overview studies using metabolomics as a dynamic tool to decipher the mechanisms of metabolic impairment related to heavy metal toxicities caused by the environmental or experimental exposures in different living systems. These investigations highlight the key role of metabolomics in identifying perturbations in pathways of lipid and amino acid metabolism, with a critical role of oxidative stress in metabolic impairment. We present the conclusions with future perspectives on metabolomics applications in meeting emerging needs.
重金属是在地壳中发现的金属化合物，其密度高于水。常见的重金属包括铅、砷、汞、镉、铜、锰、铬、镍和铝。它们在环境中的含量持续上升，超过了允许的限度，并且由于通过吸入、摄入或接种进入生物系统而具有高毒性。长期接触会导致新陈代谢紊乱、基因和/或蛋白质表达改变以及代谢物谱失调。代谢组学是一种先进的分析工具，广泛用于生物医学、营养、农业和工业领域的病理分子研究、生物标志物、药物发现以及生物转化途径的验证。在这里，我们概述了利用代谢组学作为动态工具来解读不同生物系统中环境或实验暴露所导致的与重金属毒性相关的代谢损伤机制的研究。这些研究突出了代谢组学在识别脂质和氨基酸代谢途径中的扰动方面的关键作用，以及氧化应激在代谢损伤中的关键作用。我们给出了关于代谢组学应用以满足新出现需求的结论及未来展望。
