对辨别操作性反应进行惩罚的特定反应效应。
Response-specific effects of punishment of a discriminated operant response.
作者信息
Broomer Matthew C, Bouton Mark E
机构信息
University of Vermont.
出版信息
Learn Motiv. 2023 Aug;83. doi: 10.1016/j.lmot.2023.101907. Epub 2023 Jun 12.
To determine whether the punishment of a discriminated operant behavior has effects that are specific to the punished response, rats were reinforced for performing two different instrumental responses (lever pressing and chain pulling) in the presence of a single discriminative stimulus (S). They were then either punished with mild footshock for performing one of the responses (R1) in S, or they received the same shocks in a noncontingent manner while performing R1 in S (i.e., a yoked control). In final tests of both R1 and R2 in S, the punished rats were more suppressed to R1 than R2, but the yoked rats were not. The results extend previous results with extinction rather than punishment learning (Bouton, Trask, & Carranza-Jasso, 2016) and support a larger parallel between extinction and punishment of both free-operant and discriminated-operant responding. Punishment is like extinction in creating a response-specific inhibition of either free or discriminated operant behavior.
为了确定对受歧视的操作性行为进行惩罚是否具有特定于受惩罚反应的效果，在单一辨别性刺激（S）存在的情况下，大鼠因执行两种不同的工具性反应（压杆和拉链条）而得到强化。然后，它们要么因在S中执行其中一种反应（R1）而受到轻度足部电击惩罚，要么在S中执行R1时以非偶然的方式接受相同的电击（即，配对对照组）。在对S中的R1和R2进行的最终测试中，受惩罚的大鼠对R1的抑制比对R2更强，但配对对照组的大鼠则不然。这些结果扩展了先前关于消退而非惩罚学习的结果（Bouton、Trask和Carranza-Jasso，2016），并支持了自由操作性和受歧视操作性反应在消退和惩罚之间存在更大的平行关系。惩罚类似于消退，会对自由或受歧视的操作性行为产生特定于反应的抑制。
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