Winarti Eko, Wahyuni Chatarina Umbul, Rias Yohanes Andy, Mirasa Yudied Agung, Sidabutar Sondang, Wardhani Desi Lusiana
Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Midwifery, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri, Indonesia.
Faculty of Public Health, College of Epidemiology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Belitung Nurs J. 2021 Aug 27;7(4):277-284. doi: 10.33546/bnj.1560. eCollection 2021.
Understanding the health practice of Indonesian residents and its related factors during the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial, but such association necessitates clarity.
To examine the health practices of the Indonesian citizens and their correlations with knowledge and health belief model (perceived susceptibility, barriers, benefits, severity, and self-efficacy) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
A community-based online cross-sectional design was employed. The study was conducted from 10 July to 30 August 2020 among 552 citizens selected using convenience sampling. Sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, health belief model, and health practices, including wearing a mask, social distancing, and washing hands, were measured using validated questionnaires. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and logistic regression were employed for data analysis.
The adjusted AORs (95% CIs) of a good level of health practices-wearing the mask, social distancing, and washing hands-were 3.24 (1.526.89), 2.54 (1.474.39), and 2.11 (1.193.75), respectively, in citizens with the high level of knowledge. Interestingly, respondents with positively perceived susceptibility exhibited significantly good practice in wearing the mask (4.91; 2.3410.31), social distancing (1.95; 1.083.52), and washing hands (3.99; 2.267.05) compared to those with negatively perceived susceptibility. In addition, perceived barriers, benefits, severity, and self-efficacy also exhibited a significantly good all variables of health practice regarding COVID-19 pandemic after adjusting for confounding variables.
Citizens with high levels of knowledge and positive levels of the health belief model had good practice of wearing masks, social distancing, and washing hands. The outcomes of this survey could encourage health professionals, including nurses, through management practices of nursing intervention based on the health belief model during the pandemic.
了解印度尼西亚居民在新冠疫情期间的健康行为及其相关因素至关重要，但这种关联需要明确。
研究新冠疫情期间印度尼西亚公民的健康行为及其与知识和健康信念模型（感知易感性、障碍、益处、严重性和自我效能感）的相关性。
采用基于社区的在线横断面设计。2020年7月10日至8月30日，通过便利抽样选取552名公民进行研究。使用经过验证的问卷测量社会人口学特征、知识、健康信念模型和健康行为，包括佩戴口罩、保持社交距离和洗手。采用调整后的优势比（AOR）和逻辑回归进行数据分析。
在知识水平较高的公民中，健康行为水平良好（佩戴口罩、保持社交距离和洗手）的调整后AOR（95%置信区间）分别为3.24（1.526.89）、2.54（1.474.39）和2.11（1.193.75）。有趣的是，与感知易感性为负面的受访者相比，感知易感性为正面的受访者在佩戴口罩（4.91；2.3410.31）、保持社交距离（1.95；1.083.52）和洗手（3.99；2.267.05）方面表现出显著良好的行为。此外，在调整混杂变量后，感知障碍、益处、严重性和自我效能感在新冠疫情的所有健康行为变量方面也表现出显著良好的情况。
知识水平高且健康信念模型呈积极水平的公民在佩戴口罩、保持社交距离和洗手方面有良好行为。这项调查的结果可以通过在疫情期间基于健康信念模型的护理干预管理实践，鼓励包括护士在内的卫生专业人员。
