Erickson Anna, Falk Bryce W
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jul 6;14:1223265. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1223265. eCollection 2023.
Mixed infections of a plant infecting polerovirus, umbravirus, and/or tombusvirus-like associated RNAs (tlaRNAs) produce unique virus disease complexes that exemplify "helper-dependence" interactions, a type of viral synergism that occurs when a "dependent" virus that lacks genes encoding for certain protein products necessary for it to complete its infection cycle can utilize complementary proteins encoded by a co-infecting "helper" virus. While much research has focused on polerovirus-umbravirus or polerovirus-tlaRNA interactions, only recently have umbravirus-tlaRNA interactions begun to be explored. To expand on the limited understanding of umbravirus-tlaRNA interactions in such disease complexes, we established various co-infection pairings of the polerovirus turnip yellows virus (TuYV), the umbravirus carrot mottle virus (CMoV), and three different tlaRNAs-carrot red leaf virus aRNAs (CRLVaRNAs) gamma and sigma, and the TuYVaRNA ST9-in the model plant , then investigated the effects of these different co-infections on tlaRNA systemic movement within the host, and on virus accumulation, and aphid and mechanical transmission of each of these viruses. We found that CMoV alone could support systemic movement of each of the tlaRNAs, making this the second report to demonstrate such an interaction between an umbravirus and tlaRNAs. We also report for the first time that CMoV could also impart mechanical transmissibility to the tlaRNAs sigma and ST9, and that co-infections of either of these tlaRNAs with both TuYV and CMoV increased the efficiency with which TuYV could be mechanically co-transmitted with CMoV.
感染植物的马铃薯卷叶病毒属病毒、绒毛病毒和/或番茄病毒样相关RNA（tlaRNA）的混合感染会产生独特的病毒病害复合体，这些复合体是“依赖辅助病毒”相互作用的典型例子，这是一种病毒协同作用，当一种“依赖”病毒缺乏完成其感染周期所需的某些蛋白质产物的编码基因时，它可以利用共感染的“辅助”病毒编码的互补蛋白。虽然许多研究集中在马铃薯卷叶病毒属病毒 - 绒毛病毒或马铃薯卷叶病毒属病毒 - tlaRNA相互作用上，但直到最近绒毛病毒 - tlaRNA相互作用才开始被探索。为了扩展对此类病害复合体中绒毛病毒 - tlaRNA相互作用的有限理解，我们在模式植物中建立了马铃薯卷叶病毒芜菁黄化病毒（TuYV）、绒毛病毒胡萝卜斑驳病毒（CMoV）以及三种不同的tlaRNA——胡萝卜红叶病毒aRNA（CRLVaRNA）γ和σ，以及TuYVaRNA ST9的各种共感染组合，然后研究了这些不同共感染对宿主内tlaRNA系统移动、病毒积累以及这些病毒各自的蚜虫传播和机械传播的影响。我们发现单独的CMoV可以支持每种tlaRNA的系统移动，这是第二篇证明绒毛病毒与tlaRNA之间存在这种相互作用的报告。我们还首次报告CMoV还可以赋予tlaRNA σ和ST9机械传播能力，并且这些tlaRNA中的任何一种与TuYV和CMoV的共感染提高了TuYV与CMoV机械共传播的效率。
