A case of steatohepatitis that developed after pancreaticoduodenectomy and progressed rapidly to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Steatohepatitis has been reported to occur after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). We report a case of steatohepatitis that arose after PD and led to decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A 65-year-old man underwent PD for suspected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Eight years after PD, he was diagnosed with liver cirrhosis by laboratory tests and computed tomography. Histological examination of liver biopsy revealed hepatic steatosis, inflammation with ballooning of hepatocytes, and fibrosis, indicating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as the cause of liver cirrhosis. Ten years after PD, he developed HCC and radiotherapy was performed because of impaired liver function. Intrahepatic metastasis appeared subsequently, but no further treatment could be performed due to decompensated liver cirrhosis. Survival time after PD is being prolonged by improvements in imaging studies and therapeutic strategies. Accordingly, we consider that progression to liver cirrhosis and HCC will occur increasingly in cases such as the present patient, which will become a severe problem in long-term post-PD survival. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the precise mechanism of steatohepatitis after PD and establish appropriate therapeutic strategies.