Columbia University Center on Poverty and Social Policy, New York City, New York (Mr Maury and Drs Slopen, Waldfogel, and Wimer); and Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City, New York (Drs Lim and Levanon Seligson).
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2023;29(6):791-801. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001792. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
Paid sick leave (PSL) is a public health strategy associated with benefits for workers, businesses, and consumers. In the absence of a federal law, in 2014, New York City (NYC) joined other state and municipal governments with local PSL policies.
To examine changes in PSL after the implementation of NYC's 2014 Paid Safe and Sick Leave Law and to assess which communities remain less likely to use PSL.
This study uses data from multiple panels of the NYC Longitudinal Survey of Wellbeing (NYC-LSW)-a population-representative study of NYC adults-to track changes in PSL, using data collected before and after NYC's Paid Safe and Sick Leave Law was implemented. We use weighted cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression models to assess changes in payment for sick leave since the implementation of the law.
The study includes 2985 NYC adults aged 18 to 64 years who reported working for pay in the year preceding the survey where PSL questions were asked (2014-2019).
Use of sick leave and payment for sick leave.
Weighted descriptive results show a 7-percentage-point increase ( P = .02) in the rate of being paid for all sick days and a 6-percentage-point decrease ( P = .02) in not being paid for any sick days. Results from multinomial logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders, show that after implementation of the law, workers with low levels of education, who are younger, Latino, and foreign-born remain less likely than their peers to use PSL.
We demonstrate that the PSL mandate expanded access for employees but not evenly across groups. These results offer guidance to other jurisdictions implementing PSL policies, suggesting the need for targeted education and enforcement efforts to ensure policies reach sectors where low-wage workers are most prevalent.
带薪病假（PSL）是一项与工人、企业和消费者利益相关的公共卫生策略。在缺乏联邦法律的情况下，2014 年，纽约市（NYC）加入了其他州和市政府，制定了当地的 PSL 政策。
检查 2014 年纽约市带薪安全与健康休假法实施后 PSL 的变化，并评估哪些社区使用 PSL 的可能性仍然较低。
本研究使用来自纽约市福利纵向调查（NYC-LSW）的多个面板的数据-一项针对纽约市成年人的代表性研究-使用在纽约市带薪安全与健康休假法实施前后收集的数据，跟踪 PSL 的变化。我们使用加权交叉表和多项逻辑回归模型来评估自该法律实施以来因病假而支付的工资变化。
本研究包括 2985 名年龄在 18 至 64 岁之间的纽约市成年人，他们在调查中报告了在调查前一年因工作而获得报酬（2014-2019 年）。
使用病假和支付病假工资。
加权描述性结果显示，所有病假工资支付率增加了 7 个百分点（P=0.02），而没有支付任何病假工资的比例下降了 6 个百分点（P=0.02）。调整潜在混杂因素后的多项逻辑回归模型结果表明，在法律实施后，教育程度较低、年龄较小、拉丁裔和外国出生的工人比同龄人更不可能使用 PSL。
我们证明了 PSL 授权扩大了员工的准入，但并非在所有群体中平等扩大。这些结果为其他实施 PSL 政策的司法管辖区提供了指导，表明需要有针对性的教育和执法努力，以确保政策覆盖低工资工人最集中的部门。
