Department of Medical Lab Technology, Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq
Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq.
BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2023 Jul;10(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2022-000968.
Despite saving millions of lives through blood transfusion, transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) still threaten the lives of patients requiring blood transfusion. Hence, screening blood donors and studying the prevalence of TTIs among blood donors may display the burden of these diseases among our population. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence rates of transfusion transmitted infections among blood donors in Basra, Iraq from 2019 to 2021 as groundwork for providing safe blood transfusion in Iraq.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the blood banks in Basra, Iraq from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021. A total of 197 898 samples were collected and screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B core (HBc), anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis immunologically.
The prevalence rates of seropositive of viral hepatitis for the year 2019, 2020, 2021 were as following: hepatitis B virus (HBV) rates 1.54%, 1.45% and 1.14% with significant declined trend by 26%; anti-HCV rates were 0.14, 0.12 and 0.11% with significant declined trend by 21.4%; and the syphilis rates were 0.38, 0.47, 0.36 with marked declined trend 5.3%, respectively.Of those donors showed HBV positive, 2503 (1.26%) had positive anti-HBc results, while only 173 (0.0874) showed positive test results for both anti-HBc and HBsAg.
Prevalence rates of viral hepatitis and syphilis showed a steady decline between 2019 and 2021, and these rates were much lower in Basra than in other parts of Iraq and neighbouring countries. The importance of using the anti-HBc test in the screening of blood donors was indicated in this study. These findings would contribute in improving the understanding of TTIs epidemiology and supporting health authorities controlling bloodborne diseases.
尽管通过输血挽救了数百万人的生命，但输血传播感染（TTI）仍然威胁着需要输血的患者的生命。因此，筛查献血者并研究献血者中 TTI 的流行率可以显示这些疾病在我们人群中的负担。本研究的目的是评估 2019 年至 2021 年伊拉克巴士拉献血者中输血传播感染的血清流行率，为伊拉克提供安全输血。
2019 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日，在伊拉克巴士拉的血库中进行了一项横断面研究。共采集和筛查了 197898 份样本，进行乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）和梅毒的免疫检测。
2019 年、2020 年和 2021 年病毒性肝炎血清阳性率如下：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）率分别为 1.54%、1.45%和 1.14%，呈显著下降趋势，下降了 26%；抗-HCV 率分别为 0.14%、0.12%和 0.11%，呈显著下降趋势，下降了 21.4%；梅毒率分别为 0.38%、0.47%和 0.36%，呈明显下降趋势，下降了 5.3%。在显示 HBV 阳性的献血者中，2503 人（1.26%）抗-HBc 结果阳性，而只有 173 人（0.0874%）抗-HBc 和 HBsAg 检测结果均为阳性。
2019 年至 2021 年期间，病毒性肝炎和梅毒的流行率呈稳步下降趋势，巴士拉的这些比率远低于伊拉克其他地区和邻国。本研究表明，在献血者筛查中使用抗-HBc 检测的重要性。这些发现将有助于提高对 TTI 流行病学的认识，并为卫生当局控制血源性病原体提供支持。
