Matson Katy, Macleod Aaron, Mehta Nirali, Sempek Ellie, Tang Xiaoqing
Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
Noncoding RNA. 2023 Jun 28;9(4):37. doi: 10.3390/ncrna9040037.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by targeting specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in distinct cell types. This review provides a com-prehensive overview of the current understanding regarding the involvement of miR-483-5p and miR-483-3p in various physiological and pathological processes. Downregulation of miR-483-5p has been linked to numerous diseases, including type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, diabetic nephropathy, and neurological injury. Accumulating evidence indicates that miR-483-5p plays a crucial protective role in preserving cell function and viability by targeting specific transcripts. Notably, elevated levels of miR-483-5p in the bloodstream strongly correlate with metabolic risk factors and serve as promising diagnostic markers. Consequently, miR-483-5p represents an appealing biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and holds potential as a therapeutic target for intervention strategies. Conversely, miR-483-3p exhibits significant upregulation in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and has been shown to induce cellular apoptosis and lipotoxicity across various cell types. However, some discrepancies regarding its precise function have been reported, underscoring the need for further investigation in this area.
微小RNA（miRNA）是短链非编码RNA分子，通过靶向不同细胞类型中的特定信使RNA（mRNA）来调节基因表达。本综述全面概述了目前对miR-483-5p和miR-483-3p参与各种生理和病理过程的理解。miR-483-5p的下调与多种疾病有关，包括2型糖尿病、脂肪肝疾病、糖尿病肾病和神经损伤。越来越多的证据表明，miR-483-5p通过靶向特定转录本在维持细胞功能和活力方面发挥关键的保护作用。值得注意的是，血液中miR-483-5p水平升高与代谢风险因素密切相关，并有望作为诊断标志物。因此，miR-483-5p是预测糖尿病和心血管疾病发生风险的有吸引力的生物标志物，并且作为干预策略的治疗靶点具有潜力。相反，miR-483-3p在糖尿病和心血管疾病中表现出显著上调，并已被证明在各种细胞类型中诱导细胞凋亡和脂毒性。然而，关于其确切功能的一些差异已有报道，这突出了该领域进一步研究的必要性。
