Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Al-Sabhia, Alexandria, Egypt.
Department of Applied Entomology and Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt.
Neotrop Entomol. 2023 Oct;52(5):963-973. doi: 10.1007/s13744-023-01064-y. Epub 2023 Jul 25.
Frequent inspections on sorghum and maize crops during seasons of 2021 and 2022 in some regions in Bani-Suef governorate, Egypt, discovered unprecedented invasions of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Accordingly, our study on Beauveria bassiana and spinetoram was supporter to the Food and Agriculture Organization's tendency in adopting biorational insecticides against S. frugiperda in Egypt. Exposure toxicity of LC values at 48 h of B. bassiana were 2.7 × 10 and 5.2 × 10 conidia mL and spinetoram were 0.019 and 0.048 mg L against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae laboratory strain of S. frugiperda, respectively. Sub-lethal effects (LC) were accomplished on biological parameters against both instar larvae. LC of B. bassiana reduced adult emergency (89.91 and 91.05%) more than spinetoram (75.99 and 79.49%) against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae, respectively. The 2nd instar larvae exposed to LC of B. bassiana suppressed female fecundity (0.00 eggs) more than spinetoram (19.74 eggs). Enzymatic activity of lipase in hemolymph, fat bodies, and mid-gut of the 4th instars at 48 h showed significant drop in B. bassiana more than spinetoram. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels in hemolymph for both insecticides were equal and exceeded the control. Fat bodies and mid-gut possessed the highest GST activity in B. bassiana followed by spinetoram and the control. Residual efficacy of spinetoram exceled B. bassiana at their field rates under semi-field condition in Bani-Suef along the two seasons of maize crop against both instars. Eventually, B. bassiana alongside spinetoram could afford good control especially on early instar larvae of S. frugiperda.
在 2021 年和 2022 年的一些季节里，对埃及贝尼苏夫省的高粱和玉米作物进行了频繁检查，发现了 Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) 的空前入侵。因此，我们对球孢白僵菌和 spinetoram 的研究支持了粮农组织在埃及采用生物合理杀虫剂对抗 S. frugiperda 的趋势。LC 值在 48 小时内暴露于 B. bassiana 的毒性分别为 2.7 × 10 和 5.2 × 10 个分生孢子 mL，而 spinetoram 对 S. frugiperda 的 2 龄和 4 龄幼虫实验室品系的 LC 值分别为 0.019 和 0.048 mg L。亚致死效应（LC）对两种龄期幼虫的生物参数均有影响。LC 对 B. bassiana 降低成虫紧急情况（分别为 89.91%和 91.05%）的效果大于 spinetoram（分别为 75.99%和 79.49%）对 2 龄和 4 龄幼虫的影响。暴露于 B. bassiana LC 的 2 龄幼虫比 spinetoram（19.74 个卵）更能抑制雌性产卵（0 个卵）。48 小时后，血淋巴、脂肪体和中肠中脂肪酶的酶活性在 B. bassiana 中显著下降，而在 spinetoram 中则没有下降。两种杀虫剂的血淋巴谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）水平与对照相比均相等且超过对照。脂肪体和中肠在 B. bassiana 中的 GST 活性最高，其次是 spinetoram 和对照。在贝尼苏夫的半田间条件下，在两个玉米作物季节中，田间施用量下的 spinetoram 的残留效果优于 B. bassiana，对两种龄期的幼虫均有很好的控制作用。最终，B. bassiana 与 spinetoram 一起可以很好地控制 S. frugiperda 的早期幼虫。
