Huang Minyi, Yin Jiawei, Dai Fugao, Cao Songle, Duan Renyan, Huang Wentao, Zhang Yuhao
College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China.
College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Nov 25;901:165757. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165757. Epub 2023 Jul 24.
Atrazine, a widely used herbicide, has adverse effects on the growth and metabolism of amphibians. Due to the cyclical application use of the pesticide atrazine in agricultural production, atrazine concentrations in water occur in the form of pulses. However, knowledge of the effects of atrazine pulse exposure on the gut microbiota and metabolism of amphibians is limited. In this study, Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 26) were exposed to continuous and pulse atrazine (100 μg/L) for 60 days. The results showed that continuous exposure and pulse exposure had different effects on the diversity of gut microbiota. At the phyla level, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes compared to continuous exposure. At the genus level, continuous and pulse exposure to atrazine significantly altered the relative abundance of Acetobacterium, Microbacterium, Bacteroides, Eulopiscium and Leuconostoc. Compared to continuous exposure, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Microbacterium, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of Acetobacterium and Eplopiscium. In terms of metabolism, pulse exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of creatine, guanine, and inosine and significantly decreased the relative abundance of 3-hydroxysebacic acid, ganoderic acid F, hypoxanthine, and withaperuvin H compared to continuous exposure. Continuous and pulse exposure to atrazine significantly altered the relative abundance of metabolites of the pymidine metabolism, purine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism and other pathways in the gut of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles. In addition, changes in most metabolites had a significant correlation with changes in gut microorganisms. In conclusion, our study confirmed that pulse exposure to atrazine has a greater effect on the composition of the gut microflora and the metabolism of P. nigromaculatus tadpoles than continuous exposure.
阿特拉津是一种广泛使用的除草剂，对两栖动物的生长和代谢具有不利影响。由于在农业生产中周期性地使用农药阿特拉津，水中的阿特拉津浓度以脉冲形式出现。然而，关于阿特拉津脉冲暴露对两栖动物肠道微生物群和代谢影响的了解有限。在本研究中，将黑斑侧褶蛙蝌蚪（Gs 26）暴露于持续和脉冲阿特拉津（100 μg/L）中60天。结果表明，持续暴露和脉冲暴露对肠道微生物群的多样性有不同影响。在门水平上，与持续暴露相比，脉冲暴露显著增加了放线菌的相对丰度，降低了厚壁菌门的相对丰度。在属水平上，持续和脉冲暴露于阿特拉津显著改变了醋杆菌属、微杆菌属、拟杆菌属、真核菌属和明串珠菌属的相对丰度。与持续暴露相比，脉冲暴露显著增加了微杆菌属的相对丰度，并显著降低了醋杆菌属和真核菌属的相对丰度。在代谢方面，与持续暴露相比，脉冲暴露显著增加了肌酸、鸟嘌呤和次黄嘌呤的相对丰度，并显著降低了3-羟基癸二酸、灵芝酸F、次黄嘌呤和维甲酸H的相对丰度。持续和脉冲暴露于阿特拉津显著改变了黑斑侧褶蛙蝌蚪肠道中嘧啶代谢、嘌呤代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢和其他途径代谢物的相对丰度。此外，大多数代谢物的变化与肠道微生物的变化具有显著相关性。总之，我们的研究证实，与持续暴露相比，脉冲暴露于阿特拉津对黑斑侧褶蛙蝌蚪的肠道微生物群组成和代谢的影响更大。
