School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria VIC3001, Australia.
Edinburgh Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4 SA, UK.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2023 Sep;52(3):405-416. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2023.01.001. Epub 2023 Mar 8.
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is highly associated with the metabolic syndrome. Given its high heterogeneity in patients along with unpredictable clinical outcomes, MAFLD is difficult to diagnose and manage. MAFLD is associated with obesity, diabetes, metabolic derangements, lipid disorders, cardiovascular disorders, sleep apnea, sarcopenia, gut dysbiosis, and sex hormone-related disorders. Identification of risk factors is imperative in understanding disease heterogeneity and clinical presentation to reliably diagnose and manage patients. The complexity of MAFLD pathobiology is discussed in this review in relation to its association with common metabolic and nonmetabolic disorders.
代谢相关性脂肪性肝病（MAFLD），以前称为非酒精性脂肪性肝病，与代谢综合征高度相关。鉴于其在患者中存在高度异质性以及不可预测的临床结局，MAFLD 难以诊断和管理。MAFLD 与肥胖、糖尿病、代谢紊乱、脂质紊乱、心血管疾病、睡眠呼吸暂停、肌肉减少症、肠道菌群失调和性激素相关疾病有关。识别危险因素对于理解疾病异质性和临床表现以可靠地诊断和管理患者至关重要。本文综述了 MAFLD 发病机制的复杂性及其与常见代谢和非代谢疾病的关系。
