Ebrahimoghli R, Pezeshki M Z, Farajzadeh P, Arab-Zozani M, Mehrtak M, Alizadeh M
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Education, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Perspect Public Health. 2025 May;145(3):157-166. doi: 10.1177/17579139231184809. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Social prescribing is a growing health policy agenda to improve the quality and effectiveness of health systems. However, systematically collected knowledge on factors influencing the effective implementation of SP is scarce. A systematic review was conducted to identify and categorize factors influencing social prescribing initiatives.
A search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge) was carried out to retrieve studies from inception to May 2022, supplemented by grey literature searching and snowballing of the relevant references. The inclusion criteria were original empirical research, qualitative data collection, and a description of factors affecting social prescribing initiatives. Study quality was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. We categorized the results of individual studies using a narrative approach.
A total of 23 studies were included for analysis. Along with patient-related factors (patient-centeredness, clinical complexity, perception, knowledge), three main settings of social prescribing initiatives (including healthcare providers, link workers, and voluntary and community sectors) are affected by (1) individual characteristics (knowledge, perception, skill mix); (2) interpersonal relations (collaboration, trust, feedback, supportive climate, follow-up, sustained connection, peer support within and across sectors); (3) organizational contingencies (resource adequacy, staffing, training, role description, continuity of support, caseload management, monitoring, affordability, accessibility, referral criteria, and tailored support); and (4) political context (national policy and guidance, stewardship, planning, cocreation, bureaucracy, economic condition, and the number of support organizations).
Many factors influencing social prescribing initiatives were identified. The results of this review can be applied by different stakeholders of social prescribing to guide development, implementation, description, and evaluation.
社会处方是一项日益重要的卫生政策议程，旨在提高卫生系统的质量和有效性。然而，关于影响社会处方有效实施的因素的系统收集的知识却很匮乏。本研究进行了一项系统评价，以识别和分类影响社会处方倡议的因素。
检索了三个电子数据库（PubMed、Scopus和ISI Web of Knowledge），以检索从数据库建立到2022年5月的研究，并辅以灰色文献检索和相关参考文献的滚雪球法。纳入标准为原创实证研究、定性数据收集以及对影响社会处方倡议的因素的描述。使用批判性评估技能计划工具评估研究质量。我们采用叙述性方法对个体研究结果进行分类。
共纳入23项研究进行分析。除了与患者相关的因素（以患者为中心、临床复杂性、认知、知识）外，社会处方倡议的三个主要环境（包括医疗保健提供者、联络人员以及志愿和社区部门）受到以下因素影响：（1）个体特征（知识、认知、技能组合）；（2）人际关系（协作、信任、反馈、支持性氛围、随访、持续联系、部门内部和部门之间的同伴支持）；（3）组织突发事件（资源充足性、人员配备、培训、角色描述、支持的连续性、工作量管理、监测、可承受性、可及性、转诊标准和量身定制的支持）；以及（4）政治背景（国家政策和指导、管理、规划、共同创造、官僚作风、经济状况以及支持组织的数量）。
确定了许多影响社会处方倡议的因素。本综述的结果可供社会处方的不同利益相关者应用，以指导发展、实施、描述和评估。
