Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment, The University of Jan Evangelista in Ústí nad Labem (UJEP), Pasteurova 3632/15, 400 96, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic.
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720, Olsztyn, Poland.
Environ Geochem Health. 2023 Nov;45(11):7459-7490. doi: 10.1007/s10653-023-01700-x. Epub 2023 Jul 27.
Coal mining activities are causing an extensive range of environmental issues at both operating and abandoned mine sites. It is one of the most environmentally destructive practices, with the capability to eliminate fauna and flora, impact the groundwater system, and pollute the soil, air, and water. The Czech Republic relies almost exclusively on coal as its primary domestic source of energy. The combined reserves of hard and brown coals in this country are 705 million tons. About 50 million tons of coal is produced annually, making it the 14th biggest producer in the world. Soil degradation is an inevitable outcome of the coal production from surface coal mining procedures in the Czech Republic. Significant changes have taken place in soil productivity, hydraulic characteristics, horizon, and texture as a result of soil pollution, bioturbation, compaction, and weathering. The current review has evaluated the impact of reclamation and coal mining on soil characteristics, including biological, chemical, and physical properties. Additionally, the study has outlined the process of soil formation in reclamation areas in the Czech Republic. In nutshell, research gaps and future directions in understanding coal mining areas and their influences on soils in the Czech Republic are identified.
采煤活动在运营和废弃矿山场地造成了广泛的环境问题。这是对环境最具破坏性的做法之一，它能够消灭动植物，影响地下水系统，并污染土壤、空气和水。捷克共和国几乎完全依赖煤炭作为其主要的国内能源来源。该国硬煤和褐煤的总储量为 7.05 亿吨。每年大约生产 5000 万吨煤炭，使其成为世界上第 14 大煤炭生产国。土壤退化是捷克共和国露天采煤过程中煤炭生产的必然结果。由于土壤污染、生物搅动、压实和风化，土壤生产力、水力特性、土层和质地发生了重大变化。本综述评估了复垦和采煤对土壤特性的影响，包括生物、化学和物理特性。此外，该研究还概述了捷克共和国复垦区土壤形成的过程。简而言之，确定了在理解捷克共和国的采煤区及其对土壤的影响方面的研究差距和未来方向。
