Steurbaut Laurine, Levy Elvira Ingrid, De Geyter Charlotte, Buyse Stefanie, Vandenplas Yvan
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Pediatrics, C.H.U. Saint-Pieter, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 Jul-Dec;17(8):769-783. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2242255. Epub 2023 Aug 1.
Functional constipation is one of the common disorders of gut-brain interaction in infancy, and decreases the quality of life of infants and parents.
Relevant articles up to November 2022 were reviewed. We searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE for guidelines, position papers, reviews, and randomized controlled trials on infant constipation.
Randomized controlled trials in this specific age group are mostly limited to trials with infant formula. The prevalence of infant constipation in formula-fed infants is decreasing, and can be associated with adaptations in formula composition. While the supplementation of infant formula with pro-, pre- and/or synbiotics decreases the prevalence of constipation, their efficacy in constipated infants is disappointing. There is limited evidence to support the addition of magnesium to infant formula to treat constipation. The evidence for the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol in children < 2 years has expanded over the past years. The administration of lactulose or polyethylene glycol is the preferred medical management, in case nutritional management does result in insufficient improvement.
功能性便秘是婴儿期常见的肠脑互动障碍之一，会降低婴儿及其父母的生活质量。
对截至2022年11月的相关文章进行了综述。我们在PubMed、谷歌学术和MEDLINE中搜索了有关婴儿便秘的指南、立场文件、综述和随机对照试验。
这个特定年龄组的随机对照试验大多局限于婴儿配方奶粉试验。配方奶喂养婴儿中便秘的患病率正在下降，这可能与配方奶成分的调整有关。虽然在婴儿配方奶粉中添加益生菌、益生元或合生元可降低便秘患病率，但其对便秘婴儿的疗效并不理想。支持在婴儿配方奶粉中添加镁以治疗便秘的证据有限。在过去几年中，聚乙二醇在2岁以下儿童中疗效和安全性的证据有所增加。如果营养管理改善不足，服用乳果糖或聚乙二醇是首选的药物治疗方法。
