Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Department of Health Information, Ho Polyclinic, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana.
Front Public Health. 2023 Jul 12;11:1212254. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1212254. eCollection 2023.
Adolescents' sleep disturbances are associated with chronic and dramatic physical, emotional, and mental development and school performance consequences. Although food insecurity could significantly contribute to these effects, few studies have explored the effect of food insecurity on sleep disturbances among adolescents. The study aimed to examine the relationship between adolescents' food insecurity and sleep disturbance.
Data on 189,619 adolescents were drawn from the cross-sectional global adolescent health surveys conducted between 2015 and 2018 in 35 countries and territories. Univariate and multivariable multinomial regression models were fitted to examine the hypothesized associations.
Overall pooled prevalence of moderate [45.2% (95%CI = 43-47)] and severe [5.8% (95%CI = 5-6)] food insecurity levels were reported. About [52.6% (95%CI = 51-54)] moderate and [8.6% (95%CI = 8-9)] severe worry-induced sleep disturbances were found. Considering the fully adjusted multinomial logistic model, moderate food insecurity was significantly associated with moderate (AOR = 1.70 CI = 1.59-1.81; < 0.0001) and severe (AOR = 1.63 CI = 1.42-1.87; < 0.0001) sleep disturbances. Also, adolescents reporting severe levels of food insecurity had moderate (AOR = 1.88 CI = 1.68-2.11; < 0.0001) and severe (AOR = 4.07 CI = 4.74-6.11; < 0.0001) sleep disturbances. Females and those aged between 15 and 17 years and 18 or more were at higher risk of moderate and severe sleep disturbances in the context of food insecurity.
Reducing food insecurity could be an effective policy strategy for enhancing adolescent sleep quality.
青少年的睡眠障碍与慢性和剧烈的身体、情绪和心理发展以及学业成绩后果有关。尽管食物不安全可能会对这些影响产生重大影响，但很少有研究探讨食物不安全对青少年睡眠障碍的影响。本研究旨在研究青少年食物不安全与睡眠障碍之间的关系。
数据来自于 2015 年至 2018 年在 35 个国家和地区进行的横断面全球青少年健康调查，共有 189619 名青少年参与。采用单变量和多变量多项回归模型来检验假设的关联。
总体上报告了中度[45.2%（95%CI=43-47）]和重度[5.8%（95%CI=5-6）]食物不安全水平的综合流行率。发现大约[52.6%（95%CI=51-54）]中度和[8.6%（95%CI=8-9）]重度因担忧而导致的睡眠障碍。考虑到完全调整后的多项逻辑回归模型，中度食物不安全与中度（AOR=1.70 CI=1.59-1.81； < 0.0001）和重度（AOR=1.63 CI=1.42-1.87； < 0.0001）睡眠障碍显著相关。此外，报告严重程度食物不安全的青少年中度（AOR=1.88 CI=1.68-2.11； < 0.0001）和重度（AOR=4.07 CI=4.74-6.11； < 0.0001）睡眠障碍。在食物不安全的情况下，女性和 15-17 岁以及 18 岁及以上的青少年患中度和重度睡眠障碍的风险更高。
减少食物不安全可能是提高青少年睡眠质量的有效政策策略。
