White A W
Toxicon. 1986;24(6):605-10. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(86)90181-9.
Measurements of toxin content in motile cells of the marine dinoflagellate Gonyaulax excavata were made during its annual blooms in the Bay of Fundy in 1980 through 1983. Plankton organisms were collected with a 20 micron mesh net, filtered to remove zooplankton, centrifuged and extracted by boiling in 0.1 N HCl. Toxin content was measured by mouse bioassay. The plankton material was dominated by G. excavata, with Scrippsiella trochoidea sometimes co-dominating. Before extraction, G. excavata cells were counted microscopically. Toxin values ranged from 2.7 X 10(-6) to 1.1 X 10(-3) micrograms saxitoxin (STX) equivalents per G. excavata cell. The mean of 32 determinations was 2.1 X 10(-4) micrograms STX equivalents per cell (+/- 0.5 X 10(-4) S.E.), which is four times greater than the maximum toxin content recorded for seven strains of G. excavata from the Bay of Fundy when grown in culture. Results show that G. excavata motile cells can contain high levels of toxins in nature and strongly suggest their toxin content in nature can be much greater than under normal laboratory culture conditions. This implies that toxin level data derived from Gonyaulax cultures should be interpreted with caution. Calculations suggest the toxins are major constituents of wild G. excavata cells, accounting on average for about 4% of the total dry weight.
1980年至1983年期间，在芬迪湾海洋双鞭毛藻——海洋原甲藻（Gonyaulax excavata）每年的水华期间，对其游动细胞中的毒素含量进行了测量。用20微米网目的网收集浮游生物，过滤以除去浮游动物，离心后在0.1N盐酸中煮沸提取。毒素含量通过小鼠生物测定法测量。浮游生物材料以海洋原甲藻为主，有时等鞭金藻（Scrippsiella trochoidea）也占主导地位。提取前，在显微镜下对海洋原甲藻细胞进行计数。毒素值范围为每一个海洋原甲藻细胞含2.7×10⁻⁶至1.1×10⁻³微克石房蛤毒素（STX）当量。32次测定的平均值为每细胞2.1×10⁻⁴微克STX当量（±0.5×10⁻⁴标准误），这比在实验室培养的来自芬迪湾的7株海洋原甲藻记录的最大毒素含量大四倍。结果表明，海洋原甲藻的游动细胞在自然环境中可含有高水平的毒素，强烈表明其在自然环境中的毒素含量可能比正常实验室培养条件下高得多。这意味着从海洋原甲藻培养物得出的毒素水平数据应谨慎解释。计算表明，毒素是野生海洋原甲藻细胞的主要成分，平均约占总干重的4%。
