Institute of Experimental Botany V.I, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Plant Signal Behav. 2023 Dec 31;18(1):2239420. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2239420.
The ( gene is the essential integrator of flowering regulatory pathways in angiosperms. The paralogs of the gene may perform antagonistic functions, as exemplified by , that suppresses flowering in , unlike the paralogous activator . The roles of genes in other amaranths were less investigated. Here, we transformed with the () genes of and found that both and accelerated flowering, despite having been the homologs of the floral promoter and suppressor, respectively. The floral promotive effect of was so strong that it caused lethality when overexpressed under the promoter. placed in an inducible cassette accelerated flowering after induction with methoxyphenozide. The spontaneous induction of led to precocious flowering in some primary transformants even without chemical induction. The homolog from had the same impact on viability and flowering as when transferred to . After the gene duplication in Amaranthaceae, the copy maintained the role of floral activator. The second copy underwent subsequent duplication and functional diversification, which enabled it to control the onset of flowering in amaranths to adapt to variable environments.
（基因是被子植物开花调控途径的重要整合因子。基因的同源物可能具有拮抗作用，例如，它抑制了的开花，而不像同源激活物。其他苋菜中基因的作用研究较少。在这里，我们用和的（）基因转化了，发现和都加速了开花，尽管它们分别是花启动子和抑制剂的同源物。的花促进作用如此之强，以至于在启动子下过表达时会导致致死。放在诱导盒中，用甲氧苯嗪诱导后加速开花。的自发诱导导致一些初级转化体早熟开花，即使没有化学诱导。来自的同源物在转移到后对活力和开花有与相同的影响。在苋科基因复制后，的拷贝保持了花激活物的作用。第二个拷贝经历了随后的复制和功能多样化，使其能够控制苋菜开花的开始，以适应不同的环境。
