Zhao Xiuhan, Liu Zongyu, Zhao Liangyu, Wang Qi, Zhang Liguo
School of Physical Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;13(7):567. doi: 10.3390/bs13070567.
Psychological issues have a complex and multidimensional impact on a college athlete's training and performance. As the reserve talent of competitive sports, it is very important to investigate the psychological health of athletes. This study aims to explore the association between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), basic psychological needs (BPN), and mental health (MH) among Chinese college athletes. Chinese college athletes who were willing to participate in the study, had participated in national competitions, and had a Chinese athlete rating certificate were included in this study. Participants completed the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Basic Needs Satisfaction in General Scale (BNSG-S). The study involved 665 college athletes (415 males and 250 females), with an average age of 20.43 years (SD = 1.68). We performed descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and moderated chain mediation analyses using SPSS 22.0 and Hayes' PROCESS macro. The results of the final model showed that basic psychological needs were positively correlated with mental health ( = 0.443, < 0.001), while PTSD ( = -0.346, < 0.001) and generalized anxiety disorder ( = -0.527, < 0.001) were negatively correlated with mental health among college athletes. There were significant indirect impacts. According to the bootstrapping results, basic psychological needs and generalized anxiety disorder played a mediating role in 22.54% and 50.29% of the total effects of PTSD on mental health, respectively. Meanwhile, the chain mediating effect of basic psychological needs and generalized anxiety disorder (7.23%) was also significant. The study's findings advance our understanding of the connections between PTSD and mental health and highlight the significant roles played by basic psychological needs and generalized anxiety disorder in that link among Chinese college athletes.
心理问题对大学生运动员的训练和表现有着复杂而多维度的影响。作为竞技体育的后备人才，调查运动员的心理健康状况非常重要。本研究旨在探讨中国大学生运动员中广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、基本心理需求（BPN）和心理健康（MH）之间的关联。本研究纳入了愿意参与研究、参加过全国比赛且拥有中国运动员等级证书的中国大学生运动员。参与者完成了凯斯勒心理困扰量表（K10）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD - 7）、事件影响量表修订版（IES - R）和一般基本需求满意度量表（BNSG - S）。该研究涉及665名大学生运动员（415名男性和250名女性），平均年龄为20.43岁（标准差 = 1.68）。我们使用SPSS 22.0和海斯的PROCESS宏进行了描述性统计、相关性分析和调节链式中介分析。最终模型结果显示，基本心理需求与心理健康呈正相关（ = 0.443， < 0.001），而创伤后应激障碍（ = -0.346， < 0.001）和广泛性焦虑障碍（ = -0.527， < 0.001）与大学生运动员的心理健康呈负相关。存在显著的间接影响。根据bootstrap结果，基本心理需求和广泛性焦虑障碍在创伤后应激障碍对心理健康的总效应中分别起到了22.54%和50.29%的中介作用。同时，基本心理需求和广泛性焦虑障碍的链式中介效应（7.23%）也很显著。该研究结果增进了我们对创伤后应激障碍与心理健康之间联系的理解，并突出了基本心理需求和广泛性焦虑障碍在中国大学生运动员这一关联中所起的重要作用。
