Altuncu Kerim Alp, Lomoriello Arianna Schiano, Lo Buglio Gabriele, Martino Ludovica, Yenihayat Asrin, Belfiore Maria Teresa, Boldrini Tommaso
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy.
Department of Cognitive System, Denmark Technical University (DTU), 2800 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2023 Jul 21;13(7):605. doi: 10.3390/bs13070605.
Mental health literacy (MHL) refers to lay people's knowledge and beliefs about the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness. The current study aimed at investigating MHL regarding personality disorders (PDs) multiculturally, comparing Turkish and Italian populations. In total, 262 participants responded to an online vignette identification task that required them to label the PDs of seven hypothetical subjects and rate various dimensions of their disorders. Narcissistic (25%), obsessive-compulsive (13%), and paranoid (12%) PDs were the most correctly labeled, while the average accuracy values for other PDs were below 0.04%. Compared to Turkish participants, Italian participants were more accurate in labeling narcissistic PD. Additionally, of the seven PDs, narcissistic PD was associated with the most happiness and success at work. Subjects with borderline and avoidant PDs were the most recognized as having psychological problems (>90%), yet their PDs were among the least correctly identified. Overall, participants from both cultures were generally successful at recognizing the presence of a mental illness, but they rarely labeled it correctly. Only limited cultural differences emerged. The present findings may inform the design of outreach programs to promote MHL regarding PDs, thereby facilitating early recognition of PDs and help-seeking behaviors for affected individuals.
心理健康素养（MHL）是指非专业人士对精神疾病诊断和治疗的知识与信念。当前研究旨在跨文化调查关于人格障碍（PDs）的心理健康素养，比较土耳其和意大利人群。共有262名参与者回应了一项在线案例识别任务，该任务要求他们对七个假设对象的人格障碍进行标注，并对其障碍的各个维度进行评分。自恋型（25%）、强迫型（13%）和偏执型（12%）人格障碍被正确标注的比例最高，而其他人格障碍的平均准确率低于0.04%。与土耳其参与者相比，意大利参与者在标注自恋型人格障碍时更准确。此外，在这七种人格障碍中，自恋型人格障碍与工作中最大的幸福感和成功率相关。边缘型和回避型人格障碍患者被认为存在心理问题的比例最高（>90%），但其人格障碍被正确识别的比例却最低。总体而言，来自两种文化的参与者在识别精神疾病的存在方面总体上是成功的，但他们很少能正确标注。仅出现了有限的文化差异。本研究结果可为促进关于人格障碍的心理健康素养的外展项目设计提供参考，从而促进对人格障碍的早期识别以及为受影响个体提供寻求帮助的行为。
