Department of Medical Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
Biosensors (Basel). 2023 Jul 2;13(7):702. doi: 10.3390/bios13070702.
The rise in diabetes cases is a growing concern due to the aging of populations. This not only places a strain on healthcare systems but also creates serious public health problems. Traditional blood tests are currently used to check blood sugar levels, but they are invasive and can discourage patients from regularly monitoring their levels. We recently developed nano-sensing probes that integrate Au microelectrodes and conductivity meters, requiring only 50 μL of saliva for measurement. The usage of the co-planar design of coating-free Au electrodes makes the measurement more stable, precise, and easier. This study found a positive correlation between the participant's fasting blood sugar levels and salivary conductivity. We observed a diabetes prevalence of 11.6% among 395 adults under 65 years in this study, using the glycated hemoglobin > 6.5% definition. This study found significantly higher salivary conductivity in the diabetes group, and also a clear trend of increasing diabetes as conductivity levels rose. The prediction model, using salivary conductivity, age, and body mass index, performed well in diagnosing diabetes, with a ROC curve area of 0.75. The study participants were further divided into low and high groups based on salivary conductivity using the Youden index with a cutoff value of 5.987 ms/cm. Individuals with higher salivary conductivity had a 3.82 times greater risk of diabetes than those with lower levels, as determined by the odds ratio calculation. In conclusion, this portable sensing device for salivary conductivity has the potential to be a screening tool for detecting diabetes.
由于人口老龄化，糖尿病病例的增加越来越令人担忧。这不仅给医疗系统带来了压力，也造成了严重的公共卫生问题。目前传统的血液检测用于检查血糖水平，但它们具有侵入性，可能会使患者不愿意定期监测自己的血糖水平。我们最近开发了一种纳米传感探针，它集成了 Au 微电极和电导率计，仅需 50μL 的唾液即可进行测量。采用无涂层 Au 电极的共面设计，使测量更稳定、精确、更容易。本研究发现参与者的空腹血糖水平与唾液电导率呈正相关。我们观察到在这项研究中，使用糖化血红蛋白>6.5%的定义，395 名 65 岁以下成年人中糖尿病的患病率为 11.6%。本研究发现糖尿病组的唾液电导率明显较高，并且随着电导率水平的升高，糖尿病的趋势也明显增加。使用唾液电导率、年龄和体重指数构建的预测模型在诊断糖尿病方面表现良好，ROC 曲线面积为 0.75。根据唾液电导率，使用约登指数（Youden index）将研究参与者进一步分为低组和高组，截断值为 5.987 ms/cm。通过计算比值比，确定具有较高唾液电导率的个体患糖尿病的风险比具有较低电导率的个体高 3.82 倍。总之，这种用于唾液电导率的便携式传感设备具有成为糖尿病筛查工具的潜力。
