Zhang Qi, Liu Yuan, Ding Meng, Yuwen Lihui, Wang Lianhui
State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medicine School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
Gels. 2023 Jul 7;9(7):554. doi: 10.3390/gels9070554.
Dental diseases associated with biofilm infections and tooth staining affect billions of people worldwide. In this study, we combine photothermal agents (MoS@BSA nanosheets, MB NSs), a thermolysis free-radical initiator (AIPH), and carbomer gel to develop laser-responsive hydrogel (MBA-CB Gel) for biofilm inactivating and tooth whitening. Under a physiological temperature without laser irradiation, MB NSs can eliminate free radicals generated from the slow decomposition of AIPH due to their antioxidative activity, thereby avoiding potential side effects. A cytotoxicity study indicates that MB NSs can protect mammalian cells from the free radicals released from AIPH without laser irradiation. Upon exposure to laser irradiation, MB NSs promote the rapid decomposition of AIPH to release free radicals by photothermal effect, suggesting their on-demand release ability of free radicals. In vitro experimental results show that the bacteria inactivation efficiency is 99.91% (3.01 log units) for planktonic () and 99.98% (3.83 log units) for planktonic methicillin-resistant (MRSA) by the mixed solution of MB NSs and AIPH (MBA solution) under 808 nm laser irradiation (1.0 W/cm, 5 min). For biofilms, an MBA solution can inactivate 99.97% (3.63 log units) of the bacteria under similar laser irradiation conditions. Moreover, MBA-CB Gel can whiten an indigo carmine-stained tooth under laser irradiation after 60 min of laser treatment, and the color difference (Δ) in the teeth of the MBA-CB Gel treatment group was 10.9 times that of the control group. This study demonstrates the potential of MBA-CB Gel as a promising platform for biofilm inactivation and tooth whitening. It is worth noting that, since this study only used stained models of extracted teeth, the research results may not fully reflect the actual clinic situation. Future clinical research needs to further validate these findings.
与生物膜感染和牙齿染色相关的牙科疾病影响着全球数十亿人。在本研究中，我们将光热剂（MoS@BSA纳米片，MB纳米片）、热解自由基引发剂（AIPH）和卡波姆凝胶相结合，开发用于生物膜灭活和牙齿美白的激光响应水凝胶（MBA-CB凝胶）。在无激光照射的生理温度下，MB纳米片可因其抗氧化活性消除AIPH缓慢分解产生的自由基，从而避免潜在的副作用。细胞毒性研究表明，MB纳米片可保护哺乳动物细胞免受无激光照射时AIPH释放的自由基的影响。在激光照射下，MB纳米片通过光热效应促进AIPH快速分解以释放自由基，表明其自由基按需释放能力。体外实验结果表明，在808nm激光照射（1.0W/cm，5min）下，MB纳米片和AIPH的混合溶液（MBA溶液）对浮游菌的细菌灭活效率为99.91%（3.01对数单位），对浮游耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的灭活效率为99.98%（3.83对数单位）。对于生物膜，在类似激光照射条件下，MBA溶液可使99.97%（3.63对数单位）的细菌失活。此外，MBA-CB凝胶在激光处理60min后可在激光照射下使靛蓝胭脂红染色的牙齿美白，MBA-CB凝胶处理组牙齿的色差（Δ）是对照组的10.9倍。本研究证明了MBA-CB凝胶作为生物膜灭活和牙齿美白的有前景平台的潜力。值得注意的是，由于本研究仅使用了拔牙的染色模型，研究结果可能无法完全反映实际临床情况。未来的临床研究需要进一步验证这些发现。
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