LaPalme Matthew L, Barsade Sigal G, Brackett Marc A, Floman James L
Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Wharton, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Intell. 2023 Jul 19;11(7):145. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence11070145.
Emotion perception is a primary facet of Emotional Intelligence (EI) and the underpinning of interpersonal communication. In this study, we examined meso-expressions-the everyday, moderate-intensity emotions communicated through the face, voice, and body. We theoretically distinguished meso-expressions from other well-known emotion research paradigms (i.e., macro-expression and micro-expressions). In Study 1, we demonstrated that people can reliably discriminate between meso-expressions, and we created a corpus of 914 unique video displays of meso-expressions across a race- and gender-diverse set of expressors. In Study 2, we developed a novel video-based assessment of emotion perception ability: The Meso-Expression Test (MET). In this study, we found that the MET is psychometrically valid and demonstrated measurement equivalence across Asian, Black, Hispanic, and White perceiver groups and across men and women. In Study 3, we examined the construct validity of the MET and showed that it converged with other well-known measures of emotion perception and diverged from cognitive ability. Finally, in Study 4, we showed that the MET is positively related to important psychosocial outcomes, including social well-being, social connectedness, and empathic concern and is negatively related to alexithymia, stress, depression, anxiety, and adverse social interactions. We conclude with a discussion focused on the implications of our findings for EI ability research and the practical applications of the MET.
情绪感知是情商(EI)的一个主要方面,也是人际沟通的基础。在本研究中,我们考察了微表情——通过面部、声音和身体传达的日常中等强度情绪。我们从理论上区分了微表情与其他著名的情绪研究范式(即宏表情和微表情)。在研究1中,我们证明了人们能够可靠地区分微表情,并且创建了一个包含914个独特微表情视频展示的语料库,这些展示来自不同种族和性别的表达者。在研究2中,我们开发了一种基于视频的新颖情绪感知能力评估方法:微表情测试(MET)。在本研究中,我们发现MET在心理测量学上是有效的,并且在亚洲、黑人、西班牙裔和白人感知者群体以及男性和女性群体中都表现出测量等价性。在研究3中,我们考察了MET的结构效度,结果表明它与其他著名的情绪感知测量方法具有收敛性,与认知能力具有区分性。最后,在研究4中,我们表明MET与重要的心理社会结果呈正相关,包括社会幸福感、社会联结感和共情关注,与述情障碍、压力、抑郁、焦虑和不良社会互动呈负相关。我们以一个讨论作为结尾,重点探讨了我们的研究结果对EI能力研究的意义以及MET的实际应用。