Key Laboratory of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China; School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Talanta. 2024 Jan 1;266(Pt 1):124973. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124973. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
Outbreaks of infectious viruses cause enormous challenges to global public health. Recently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has severely threatened human health and resulted in the global pandemic. A strategy to detect SARS-CoV-2 with both fast sensing speed and high accuracy is urgently required. Here, rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen using carbon-nanotube-array-based thin-film transistor (CNT-array-based TFT) biosensors merged with tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) and triple aptamers is demonstrated for the first time. Compared with CNT-network-based TFT biosensors and metal-electrode-based CNT-TFT biosensors, the response of CNT-array-based TFT biosensors can be enhanced up to 102% for SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) detection, which is supported by its sensing mechanism. By combining TDNs with triple aptamers, the biosensor has realized the wildtype SARS-CoV-2 RBD detection in a broad detection range spanning eight orders of magnitude with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 10 aM (6 copies/μL) owing to the improved protein capture efficiency. Moreover, the triple-aptamer biosensor platform has achieved the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron RBD in a low LOD of 6 aM (3.6 copies/μL). Additionally, the CNT-array-based TFT biosensors have exhibited excellent specificity, enabling identification among SARS-CoV-2 antigen, SARS-CoV antigen and MERS-CoV antigen. The platform of CNT-array-based TFT biosensors combined with TDNs and triple aptamers provides a high-performance and rapid approach for SARS-CoV-2 detection, and its versatility by altering specific aptamers enables the possibility for rapid virus detection.
传染性病毒的爆发给全球公共卫生带来了巨大挑战。最近，由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）严重威胁着人类健康，并导致了全球大流行。因此，急需一种具有快速感应速度和高准确性的 SARS-CoV-2 检测策略。在此，首次展示了基于碳纳米管阵列的薄膜晶体管（CNT-array-based TFT）生物传感器与四面体形 DNA 纳米结构（TDN）和三链适体结合，快速检测 SARS-CoV-2 抗原。与 CNT 网络 TFT 生物传感器和金属电极 CNT-TFT 生物传感器相比，CNT-array-based TFT 生物传感器对 SARS-CoV-2 受体结合域（RBD）的检测响应可提高 102%，这与其传感机制有关。通过将 TDN 与三链适体结合，该生物传感器在跨越 8 个数量级的宽检测范围内实现了野生型 SARS-CoV-2 RBD 的检测，其检测限（LOD）低至 10 aM（6 拷贝/μL），这得益于提高了蛋白质捕获效率。此外，该三链适体生物传感器平台还实现了 SARS-CoV-2 奥密克戎 RBD 的低 LOD 检测（6 aM，3.6 拷贝/μL）。此外，基于 CNT-array 的 TFT 生物传感器表现出优异的特异性，能够识别 SARS-CoV-2 抗原、SARS 抗原和 MERS-CoV 抗原。基于 CNT-array 的 TFT 生物传感器与 TDN 和三链适体相结合的平台为 SARS-CoV-2 检测提供了一种高性能、快速的方法，通过改变特定适体的通用性使其有可能实现快速病毒检测。
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