National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; Allergy Department, University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2023 Nov;11(11):3400-3406.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.07.025. Epub 2023 Jul 26.
Global passenger demand for air travel has increased by over 7% annually since 2006, with a strong recovery following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Prior to COVID-19, individuals with food allergies reported significant concern and anxiety over the risk of reactions when travelling by air. However, published data of in-flight medical events (IMEs) due to allergic reactions are limited.
To undertake a systematic review with meta-analysis to estimate the incidence of IMEs due to allergic reactions on commercial flights.
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and TRANSPORT databases and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials for relevant studies reporting IMEs of allergic etiology, published since 1980. Data were extracted in duplicate for meta-analysis, and risk of bias assessed.
PROSPERO CRD42022384341.
Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. At meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 2.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.6%-3.1%) of IMEs are coded as being due to allergic reactions. This may be higher in children (3.1%; 95% CI 1.5%-6.6%). The incidence of allergic IMEs at meta-analysis was 0.7 events per million passengers (95% CI 0.4-1.1). Reassuringly, the rate of allergic IMEs has been stable over the past 30 years, despite increasing passenger numbers and food allergy prevalence.
Allergic reactions coded as IMEs during commercial air travel are uncommon, occurring at an incidence approximately 10 to 100 times lower than that reported for accidental allergic reactions to food occurring in the community. Despite increasing passenger numbers and food allergy prevalence, the rate of allergic IMEs has not changed over the past 3 decades.
自 2006 年以来，全球航空旅行的乘客需求每年增长超过 7%，在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行后强劲复苏。在 COVID-19 之前，食物过敏的个人在乘坐飞机旅行时对反应风险表示严重关注和焦虑。然而，由于过敏反应导致的飞行中医疗事件（IME）的已发表数据有限。
进行系统评价和荟萃分析，以估计商业航班因过敏反应引起的 IME 发生率。
我们检索了 MEDLINE、Embase、PsycINFO 和 TRANSPORT 数据库以及 Cochrane 对照试验登记处，以查找自 1980 年以来报告过敏病因 IME 的相关研究。对数据进行了双重提取以进行荟萃分析，并评估了偏倚风险。
PROSPERO CRD42022384341。
17 项研究符合纳入标准。荟萃分析得出，2.2%（95%置信区间[95%CI]1.6%-3.1%）的 IME 编码为过敏反应。在儿童中可能更高（3.1%；95%CI 1.5%-6.6%）。荟萃分析中过敏 IME 的发生率为每百万乘客 0.7 例（95%CI 0.4-1.1）。令人欣慰的是，尽管乘客人数和食物过敏患病率增加，但过去 30 年来，过敏 IME 的发生率保持稳定。
在商业航空旅行中编码为 IME 的过敏反应并不常见，其发生率大约比社区中意外食物过敏反应报告的发生率低 10 到 100 倍。尽管乘客人数和食物过敏患病率增加，但过去 30 年来，过敏 IME 的发生率并未发生变化。
