Efriem Solomon, Sabastian Chris, Blum Shlomo, Fleker Marcelo, Mabjeesh Sameer J, Britzi Malka
The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
National Residue Control Laboratory, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Beit Dagan 5025001, Israel.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jun 23;12(7):1093. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071093.
The use of antimicrobial drugs and coccidiostats in poultry farming is widespread, with a significant proportion of these drugs being excreted and released into the environment. The residues of such drugs in poultry litter (PL) can result in the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The impact of different biotic treatments (aerobic, anaerobic, and stacking) on broiler litter (BL) before its use as animal feed has not been studied extensively, nor have the differences between antimicrobial-dependent and independent broiler farms been investigated. This study aimed to determine the resistant bacteria in BL used as ruminant feed before and after litter treatment. The results show that the most resistant bacteria before BL treatment were the Enterococcus species. This study also found that the quantity of amoxicillin-resistant detected in samples from antimicrobial-dependent farms was significantly higher than in those from antimicrobial-independent farms. Additionally, 14% of bacteria were multi-resistant to tetracycline, sulfafurazole, and erythromycin in antimicrobial-independent farm litters, significantly lower than those measured in antimicrobial-dependent broiler farm litter. This study highlights the importance of better understanding, regulating, managing, and using animal waste appropriately to reduce the number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and minimize the use of antimicrobials that carry high risks for animals, humans, and the environment.
抗菌药物和抗球虫药在家禽养殖中的使用很普遍，这些药物中有很大一部分会排泄到环境中。家禽粪便（PL）中此类药物的残留会导致抗生素耐药菌的产生。在用作动物饲料之前，不同生物处理方式（好氧、厌氧和堆放）对肉鸡粪便（BL）的影响尚未得到广泛研究，抗菌依赖型和非依赖型肉鸡养殖场之间的差异也未被调查。本研究旨在确定用作反刍动物饲料的BL在粪便处理前后的耐药菌情况。结果表明，BL处理前耐药性最强的细菌是肠球菌属。该研究还发现，抗菌依赖型养殖场样本中检测到的阿莫西林耐药菌数量显著高于非抗菌依赖型养殖场。此外，在非抗菌依赖型肉鸡养殖场的粪便中，14%的细菌对四环素、磺胺甲恶唑和红霉素具有多重耐药性，显著低于抗菌依赖型肉鸡养殖场粪便中的检测值。本研究强调了更好地理解、规范、管理和合理使用动物粪便以减少抗生素耐药菌数量，并尽量减少对动物、人类和环境具有高风险的抗菌药物使用的重要性。
