住房环境对鸡免疫系统的影响：综述
Impact of Housing Environment on the Immune System in Chickens: A Review.
作者信息
Hofmann Tanja, Schmucker Sonja S, Bessei Werner, Grashorn Michael, Stefanski Volker
机构信息
Department of Behavioral Physiology of Livestock, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Livestock Population Genomics, Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr, 17, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
出版信息
Animals (Basel). 2020 Jul 5;10(7):1138. doi: 10.3390/ani10071138.
Abstract
During their lifespan, chickens are confronted with a wide range of acute and chronic stressors in their housing environment that may threaten their welfare and health by modulating the immune system. Especially chronic stressful conditions can exceed the individual's allostatic load, with negative consequences for immunity. A fully functional immune system is mandatory for health and welfare and, consequently, also for high productivity and safe animal products. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of housing form, light regime as well as aerial ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations on the immune system in chickens. Certain housing conditions are clearly associated with immunological alterations which potentially impair the success of vaccinations or affect disease susceptibility. Such poor conditions counteract sustainable poultry production. This review also outlines current knowledge gaps and provides recommendations for future research.
摘要
在其生命周期中，鸡在饲养环境中面临着各种各样的急性和慢性应激源，这些应激源可能通过调节免疫系统来威胁它们的福利和健康。特别是慢性应激状况可能会超过个体的应激负荷，对免疫力产生负面影响。一个功能齐全的免疫系统对于健康和福利是必不可少的，因此对于高生产力和安全的动物产品也是必不可少的。本综述全面概述了饲养形式、光照制度以及空气中氨和硫化氢浓度对鸡免疫系统的影响。某些饲养条件显然与免疫改变有关，这可能会损害疫苗接种的成功率或影响疾病易感性。这种恶劣条件不利于可持续家禽生产。本综述还概述了当前的知识空白，并为未来研究提供了建议。
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