Haenni Marisa, Du Fraysseix Laetitia, François Pauline, Drapeau Antoine, Bralet Tristan, Madec Jean-Yves, Boulinier Thierry, Duriez Olivier
Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, ANSES-Université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France.
CEFE, Montpellier University, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 34090 Montpellier, France.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Jul 7;12(7):1160. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12071160.
Despite the fact that the selective pressure of antibiotics on wild birds is supposed to be very weak, they are considered potential vectors of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Obligate scavengers such as vultures can present high proportions of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, partially due to feeding stations that are provisioned with livestock carcasses from intensive farming. Here we investigated whether griffon vultures () from two populations located in the French Alps, which feed on livestock carcasses from extensive farms, may carry such resistant bacteria. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization showed an 11.8% proportion of ESC-resistant bacteria, including five extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and one AmpC-producing . The five ESBL-positive were clonal and all came from the same vulture population, proving their spread between animals. The ESBL phenotype was due to a gene located on the chromosome. Both ESBL- and AmpC-positive belonged to minor STs (ST212 and ST3274, respectively); interestingly, ST212 has already been identified in wild birds around the world, including vultures. These results suggest that actions are needed to mitigate the spread of MDR bacteria through wild birds, particularly in commensal species.
尽管抗生素对野生鸟类的选择压力被认为非常微弱，但它们仍被视为抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的潜在传播媒介。像秃鹫这样的专性食腐动物对广谱头孢菌素（ESC）和多重耐药（MDR）细菌的耐药比例可能很高，部分原因是喂食站提供来自集约化养殖的牲畜尸体。在这里，我们调查了来自法国阿尔卑斯山两个以粗放农场的牲畜尸体为食的种群的兀鹫是否携带此类耐药细菌。表型和基因型特征显示，耐药细菌的比例为11.8%，其中包括5株产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和1株产AmpC的菌株。这5株ESBL阳性菌株是克隆性的，均来自同一只兀鹫种群，证明了它们在动物之间的传播。ESBL表型是由位于染色体上的基因引起的。ESBL阳性和AmpC阳性菌株均属于次要序列类型（分别为ST212和ST3274）；有趣的是，ST212已在世界各地的野生鸟类中被发现，包括秃鹫。这些结果表明，需要采取行动来减轻多重耐药细菌通过野生鸟类的传播，特别是在共生物种中。
