Department of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, MolecoLAB A6, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.
Cells. 2023 Jul 23;12(14):1916. doi: 10.3390/cells12141916.
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent and diverse group of malignancies with substantial morbidity and mortality rates. Early detection and monitoring of HNC are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Liquid biopsy, a non-invasive diagnostic approach, has emerged as a promising tool for cancer detection and monitoring. In this article, we review the application of RNA-based liquid biopsy in HNC. Various types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), are explored as potential biomarkers in HNC liquid-based diagnostics. The roles of RNAs in HNC diagnosis, metastasis, tumor resistance to radio and chemotherapy, and overall prognosis are discussed. RNA-based liquid biopsy holds great promise for the early detection, prognosis, and personalized treatment of HNC. Further research and validation are necessary to translate these findings into clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
头颈部癌症（HNC）是一组常见且多样化的恶性肿瘤，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。早期发现和监测 HNC 对于改善患者预后至关重要。液体活检作为一种非侵入性的诊断方法，已成为癌症检测和监测的有前途的工具。本文综述了基于 RNA 的液体活检在 HNC 中的应用。各种类型的 RNA，包括信使 RNA（mRNA）、微小 RNA（miRNA）、长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）、小核 RNA（snRNA）、小核仁 RNA（snoRNA）、环状 RNA（circRNA）和 PIWI 相互作用 RNA（piRNA），都被探索为 HNC 液体诊断的潜在生物标志物。探讨了 RNA 在 HNC 诊断、转移、肿瘤对放射和化疗的耐药性以及整体预后中的作用。基于 RNA 的液体活检对头颈部癌症的早期检测、预后和个体化治疗具有广阔的前景。需要进一步的研究和验证，将这些发现转化为临床实践并改善患者的预后。
