Jaroni Divya, Litt Pushpinder Kaur, Bule Punya, Rumbaugh Kaylee
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, and Food and Agricultural Products Center, Oklahoma State University, N. Monroe Street, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Foods. 2023 Jul 22;12(14):2787. doi: 10.3390/foods12142787.
(1) Background: Formation of biofilms on food-contact surfaces by Shiga-toxigenic (STEC) can pose a significant challenge to the food industry, making conventional control methods insufficient. Targeted use of bacteriophages to disrupt these biofilms could reduce this problem. Previously isolated and characterized bacteriophages ( = 52) were evaluated against STEC biofilms in vitro and on food-contact surfaces. (2) Methods: Phage treatments (9 logs PFU/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline were used individually or as cocktails. Biofilms of STEC (O157, O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) were formed in 96-well micro-titer plates (7 logs CFU/mL; 24 h) or on stainless steel (SS) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) coupons (9 logs CFU/cm; 7 h), followed by phage treatment. Biofilm disruption was measured in vitro at 0, 3, and 6 h as a change in optical density (A). Coupons were treated with STEC serotype-specific phage-cocktails or a 21-phage cocktail (3 phages/serotype) for 0, 3, 6, and 16 h, and surviving STEC populations were enumerated. (3) Results: Of the 52 phages, 77% showed STEC biofilm disruption in vitro. Serotype-specific phage treatments reduced pathogen population within the biofilms by 1.9-4.1 and 2.3-5.6 logs CFU/cm, while the 21-phage cocktail reduced it by 4.0 and 4.8 logs CFU/cm on SS and HDPE, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Bacteriophages can be used to reduce STEC and their biofilms.
(1) 背景：产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）在食品接触表面形成生物膜会给食品工业带来重大挑战，使得传统控制方法并不充分。有针对性地使用噬菌体来破坏这些生物膜可以减少这一问题。之前分离并鉴定的噬菌体（n = 52）在体外和食品接触表面针对STEC生物膜进行了评估。(2) 方法：在磷酸盐缓冲盐水中的噬菌体处理液（9个对数噬菌斑形成单位/毫升）单独使用或作为混合液使用。STEC（O157、O26、O45、O103、O111、O121和O145）的生物膜在96孔微量滴定板中形成（7个对数菌落形成单位/毫升；24小时）或在不锈钢（SS）和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）试片上形成（9个对数菌落形成单位/平方厘米；7小时），随后进行噬菌体处理。在体外0、3和6小时测量生物膜破坏情况，以光密度（A）的变化表示。试片用STEC血清型特异性噬菌体混合液或21噬菌体混合液（每种血清型3种噬菌体）处理0、3、6和16小时，然后对存活的STEC菌数进行计数。(3) 结果：在52种噬菌体中，77%在体外显示出对STEC生物膜的破坏作用。血清型特异性噬菌体处理使生物膜内的病原体数量减少了1.9 - 4.1和2.3 - 5.6个对数菌落形成单位/平方厘米，而21噬菌体混合液在SS和HDPE上分别使其减少了4.0和4.8个对数菌落形成单位/平方厘米。(4) 结论：噬菌体可用于减少STEC及其生物膜。
