African Centre for Crop Improvement, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa.
Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research Samaru, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, PMB 1044, Kaduna 810211, Nigeria.
Genes (Basel). 2023 Jul 20;14(7):1480. doi: 10.3390/genes14071480.
Assessing the genetic diversity and population structure of cultivated sorghum is important for heterotic grouping, breeding population development, marker-assisted cultivar development, and release. The objectives of the present study were to assess the genetic diversity and deduce the population structure of 200 sorghum accessions using diversity arrays technology (DArT)-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.10 to 0.50 with an average of 0.32, while the average observed heterozygosity (0.15) was relatively low, which is a typical value for autogamous crops species like sorghum. Moderate polymorphic information content (PIC) values were identified with a mean of 0.26, which indicates the informativeness of the chosen SNP markers. The population structure and cluster analyses revealed four main clusters with a high level of genetic diversity among the accessions studied. The variation within populations (41.5%) was significantly higher than that among populations (30.8%) and between samples within the structure (27.7%). The study identified distantly related sorghum accessions such as SAMSORG 48, KAURA RED GLUME; Gadam, AS 152; CSRO1, ICNSL2014-062; and YALAI, KAFI MORI. The accessions exhibited wide genetic diversity that will be useful in developing new gene pools and novel genotypes for West Africa sorghum breeding programs.
评估栽培高粱的遗传多样性和群体结构对于杂种优势群划分、育种群发展、标记辅助品种选育和品种审定具有重要意义。本研究的目的是利用多样性阵列技术（DArT）衍生的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记评估 200 份高粱种质的遗传多样性并推断其群体结构。期望杂合度值范围为 0.10 至 0.50，平均值为 0.32，而平均观测杂合度（0.15）相对较低，这是高粱等自花授粉作物的典型值。中等多态性信息含量（PIC）值的平均值为 0.26，表明所选 SNP 标记具有信息量。群体结构和聚类分析揭示了四个主要聚类，研究中供试材料具有较高的遗传多样性。群体内变异（41.5%）明显高于群体间变异（30.8%）和结构内样本间变异（27.7%）。本研究鉴定了亲缘关系较远的高粱种质，如 SAMSORG 48、KAURA RED GLUME；Gadam、AS 152；CSRO1、ICNSL2014-062；和 YALAI、KAFI MORI。这些材料表现出广泛的遗传多样性，这将有助于为西非高粱的育成计划开发新的基因库和新型基因型。
