Daka Qëndresë, Špegel Nina, Atanasovska Velkovska Makedonka, Steblovnik Tjaša, Kolko Miriam, Neziri Burim, Cvenkel Barbara
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
Eye Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
J Clin Med. 2023 Jul 14;12(14):4674. doi: 10.3390/jcm12144674.
A short-term increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) is a common side effect after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy, but a sustained increase in IOP with the development of secondary glaucoma has also been reported in some studies after repeated intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. The aim of this review is to present and discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and factors contributing to a sustained rise in IOP, as well as treatment strategies for patients at risk. Close monitoring and adjustable IOP-lowering treatment are recommended for high-risk patients, including those with glaucoma, angle-closure anomalies, ocular hypertension or family history of glaucoma; patients receiving a high number of injections or at shorter intervals; and patients with capsulotomy. Strategies are needed to identify patients at risk in a timely manner and to prevent sustained elevation of IOP.
玻璃体内注射抗血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）治疗后，眼内压（IOP）短期升高是常见的副作用，但一些研究也报道，在反复玻璃体内注射抗VEGF后，会继发青光眼并导致IOP持续升高。本综述旨在介绍并讨论导致IOP持续升高的可能病理生理机制和因素，以及针对高危患者的治疗策略。建议对高危患者进行密切监测并采取可调整的降眼压治疗，这些患者包括青光眼患者、房角关闭异常患者、高眼压症患者或有青光眼家族史的患者；接受大量注射或注射间隔较短的患者；以及接受晶状体囊切开术的患者。需要采取策略以及时识别高危患者并预防IOP持续升高。
