Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
Chemistry and Material Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 11;24(14):11311. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411311.
Hyperpolarized (HP) xenon-129 (Xe), when dissolved in blood, has two NMR resonances: one in red blood cells (RBC) and one in plasma. The impact of numerous blood components on these resonances, however, has not yet been investigated. This study evaluates the effects of elevated glucose levels on the chemical shift (CS) and T2* relaxation times of HP Xe dissolved in sterile citrated sheep blood for the first time. HP Xe was mixed with sheep blood samples premixed with a stock glucose solution using a liquid-gas exchange module. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on a 3T clinical MRI scanner using a custom-built quadrature dual-tuned Xe/H coil. We observed an additional resonance for the RBCs (Xe-RBC1) for the increased glucose levels. The CS of Xe-RBC1 and Xe-plasma peaks did not change with glucose levels, while the CS of Xe-RBC2 (original RBC resonance) increased linearly at a rate of 0.015 ± 0.002 ppm/mM with glucose level. Xe-RBC1 T2* values increased nonlinearly from 1.58 ± 0.24 ms to 2.67 ± 0.40 ms. As a result of the increased glucose levels in blood samples, the novel additional HP Xe dissolved phase resonance was observed in blood and attributed to the Xe bound to glycated hemoglobin (HbA).
超极化（HP）氙-129（Xe）溶解在血液中时，具有两个 NMR 共振：一个在红细胞（RBC）中，一个在血浆中。然而，尚未研究许多血液成分对这些共振的影响。本研究首次评估了高血糖水平对无菌柠檬酸盐绵羊血液中溶解的 HP Xe 的化学位移（CS）和 T2弛豫时间的影响。使用液体-气体交换模块，将 HP Xe 与预先用储备葡萄糖溶液混合的绵羊血液样本混合。使用定制的正交双调谐 Xe/H 线圈，在 3T 临床 MRI 扫描仪上进行磁共振波谱分析。我们观察到 RBC 中额外的共振（Xe-RBC1），葡萄糖水平升高。Xe-RBC1 和 Xe-血浆峰的 CS 没有随葡萄糖水平而变化，而 Xe-RBC2（原始 RBC 共振）的 CS 则以 0.015±0.002 ppm/mM 的速率线性增加。Xe-RBC1 的 T2值从 1.58±0.24 ms 非线性增加到 2.67±0.40 ms。由于血液样本中葡萄糖水平升高，观察到血液中溶解的新型 HP Xe 附加相共振，归因于与糖化血红蛋白（HbA）结合的 Xe。
