Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 19;24(14):11655. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411655.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is progressive disease characterised by cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodelling and inflammation of the synovium. The disease is associated with obesity, mechanical load and age. However, multiple pro-inflammatory immune mediators regulate the expression of metalloproteinases, which take part in cartilage degradation. Furthermore, genetic factors also contribute to OA susceptibility. Recent studies have highlighted that epigenetic mechanisms may regulate the expression of OA-associated genes. This review aims to present the mechanisms of OA pathogenesis and summarise current evidence regarding the role of genetics and epigenetics in this process.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种进行性疾病，其特征为软骨降解、软骨下骨重塑和滑膜炎症。该疾病与肥胖、机械负荷和年龄有关。然而，多种促炎免疫介质调节参与软骨降解的金属蛋白酶的表达。此外，遗传因素也与 OA 的易感性有关。最近的研究强调了表观遗传机制可能调节 OA 相关基因的表达。本综述旨在介绍 OA 发病机制的机制，并总结目前关于遗传和表观遗传学在这一过程中的作用的证据。
