Aloè Teresita, Novelli Federica, Puppo Gianfranco, Pinelli Valentina, Barisione Emanuela, Trucco Elisa, Costanzo Roberta, Covesnon Maria Grazia, Grillo Federica, Zoccali Patrizia, Milanese Manlio, Maniscalco Sara, Tagliabue Elena, Piroddi Ines Maria Grazia, Venturi Simonetta, Serra Maria, Scordamaglia Francesca, Ferrari Marta, Serafini Antonella
Interventional Pulmonology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16100 Genoa, Italy.
Pulmonology Unit, ASL 5 Spezzino, 19124 La Spezia, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2023 Jul 13;13(7):1558. doi: 10.3390/life13071558.
Few studies have assessed the differences of patterns of Long COVID (L-COVID) with regards to the pathogenetic SARS-CoV-2 strains.
To investigate the relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics of acute phase of infection and the persistence of L-COVID symptoms and clinical presentation across different SARS-CoV-2 strains.
In this observational-multicenter study we recorded all demographic and clinical characteristics, severity of infection, presence/persistence of symptoms of fatigue, dyspnoea and altered quality of life (QoL) at baseline and after 6 months, in a sample of Italian patients from Liguria between March 2020 and March 2022.
308 patients (mean age 63.2 years; 55.5% men) with previous COVID were enrolled. Obese patients were 21.2% with a significant difference in obesity prevalence across the second and third wave ( = 0.012). Treatment strategies differed between waves ( < 0.001): more patients required invasive mechanical ventilation in the first wave, more patients were treated with high-flow nasal cannula/non-invasive ventilation in the in the second and more patients were treated with oxygen-therapy in the fourth wave. At baseline, a high proportion of patients were symptomatic (dyspnoea and fatigue), with impairment in some QoL indicators. A higher prevalence of patients with pain, were seen in the first wave compared to later infections ( = 0.01). At follow-up, we observed improvement of dyspnoea, fatigue and some dimensions of QoL scale evaluation such as mobility, usual activities, pain evaluations; instead there was no improvement in remaining QoL scale indicators (usual care and anxiety-depression).
There were no significant differences in the prevalence of the most frequent L-COVID symptoms, except for QoL pain domain that was especially associated with classical variant. Our results show substantial impact on social and professional life and usual care activities. These findings highlight the importance of multidisciplinary post COVID follow-up care including mental health support and rehabilitation program.
很少有研究评估长期新冠（L-COVID）模式在致病性严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）毒株方面的差异。
调查感染急性期的人口统计学和临床特征与不同SARS-CoV-2毒株的长期新冠症状持续存在及临床表现之间的关系。
在这项观察性多中心研究中，我们记录了2020年3月至2022年3月期间利古里亚地区意大利患者样本在基线时以及6个月后的所有人口统计学和临床特征、感染严重程度、疲劳、呼吸困难症状的存在/持续情况以及生活质量（QoL）的改变。
纳入了308例曾感染新冠的患者（平均年龄63.2岁；55.5%为男性）。肥胖患者占21.2%，第二波和第三波的肥胖患病率存在显著差异（P = 0.012）。各波次的治疗策略不同（P < 0.001）：第一波中更多患者需要有创机械通气，第二波中更多患者接受高流量鼻导管/无创通气治疗，第四波中更多患者接受氧疗。基线时，很大比例的患者有症状（呼吸困难和疲劳），一些生活质量指标受损。与后期感染相比，第一波中疼痛患者的患病率更高（P = 0.01）。随访时，我们观察到呼吸困难、疲劳以及生活质量量表评估的一些维度（如活动能力、日常活动、疼痛评估）有所改善；而其余生活质量量表指标（日常护理和焦虑抑郁）没有改善。
除了生活质量疼痛领域特别与经典毒株相关外，最常见的长期新冠症状的患病率没有显著差异。我们的结果显示对社交和职业生活以及日常护理活动有重大影响。这些发现凸显了多学科新冠后随访护理的重要性，包括心理健康支持和康复计划。
