Dorsch Anna Daniela, da Silva Brito Walison Augusto, Delcea Mihaela, Wende Kristian, Bekeschus Sander
ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jul 19;16(14):5082. doi: 10.3390/ma16145082.
Plastic waste is a global issue leaving no continents unaffected. In the environment, ultraviolet radiation and shear forces in water and land contribute to generating micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNPP), which organisms can easily take up. Plastic particles enter the human food chain, and the accumulation of particles within the human body is expected. Crossing epithelial barriers and cellular uptake of MNPP involves the interaction of plastic particles with lipids. To this end, we generated unilamellar vesicles from POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and POPS (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine) and incubated them with pristine, carboxylated, or aminated polystyrene spheres (about 1 µm in diameter) to generate lipid coronas around the particles. Lipid coronas enhanced the average particle sizes and partially changed the MNPP zeta potential and polydispersity. In addition, lipid coronas led to significantly enhanced uptake of MNPP particles but not their cytotoxicity, as determined by flow cytometry. Finally, adding proteins to lipid corona nanoparticles further modified MNPP uptake by reducing the uptake kinetics, especially in pristine and carboxylated plastic samples. In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time the impact of different types of lipids on differently charged MNPP particles and the biological consequences of such modifications to better understand the potential hazards of plastic exposure.
塑料垃圾是一个全球性问题，没有哪个大陆能幸免。在环境中，水和土地中的紫外线辐射及剪切力促使产生微塑料和纳米塑料颗粒（MNPP），生物体能够轻易摄取这些颗粒。塑料颗粒进入人类食物链，预计会在人体内蓄积。MNPP穿越上皮屏障及被细胞摄取涉及塑料颗粒与脂质的相互作用。为此，我们用1-棕榈酰-2-油酰甘油-3-磷酸胆碱（POPC）和1-棕榈酰-2-油酰-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-L-丝氨酸（POPS）生成了单层囊泡，并将它们与原始的、羧基化的或胺化的聚苯乙烯球体（直径约1微米）一起孵育，以在颗粒周围生成脂质冠层。脂质冠层增大了颗粒的平均尺寸，并部分改变了MNPP的zeta电位和多分散性。此外，脂质冠层导致MNPP颗粒的摄取显著增强，但未导致其细胞毒性增强，这是通过流式细胞术测定的。最后，向脂质冠层纳米颗粒中添加蛋白质进一步改变了MNPP的摄取，降低了摄取动力学，尤其是在原始和羧基化塑料样品中。总之，我们的研究首次证明了不同类型的脂质对带不同电荷的MNPP颗粒的影响以及这种修饰的生物学后果，以便更好地理解塑料暴露的潜在危害。
