Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 72300 Sitia, Greece.
Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre (Agro-Health), 71410 Heraklion, Greece.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 14;15(14):3155. doi: 10.3390/nu15143155.
The increasing prevalence of prediabetes globally does not bode well for the growing epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. Yet there is a lack of studies regarding lifestyle patterns (LPs) and their association with prediabetes. The present study aimed to examine the association of different LPs with the existence of prediabetes in adults from families at high risk for T2D in Europe. In total, 2759 adults (66.3% females) from six European countries were included in this cross-sectional analysis using data from the baseline assessment of the Feel4Diabetes study. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, dietary and behavioral data were assessed, and fasting blood glucose measurements were also obtained. LPs were derived via principal component analysis. Two LPs were derived, explaining 32% of the total variation. LP 1 was characterized by breakfast consumption, high consumption of fruits and berries, vegetables and nuts and seeds, and low consumption of salty snacks and soft drinks with sugar, while LP 2 was characterized by high consumption of salty and sweet snacks, soft drinks with sugar and juice with sugar and sedentary behavior. After adjusting for various confounders, LP 2 was positively associated with the existence of prediabetes (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04), while LP 1 was not significantly associated with prediabetes. Understanding LPs would provide necessary evidence for planning intervention and education strategies for prediabetes and T2D.
全球范围内，前驱糖尿病的患病率不断上升，这对 2 型糖尿病（T2D）及其并发症的不断蔓延来说不是一个好兆头。然而，目前缺乏关于生活方式模式（LPs）及其与前驱糖尿病之间关系的研究。本研究旨在探讨不同的 LPs 与欧洲 T2D 高危人群中成年人前驱糖尿病存在之间的关系。本横断面分析共纳入了来自六个欧洲国家的 2759 名成年人（66.3%为女性），这些数据来自 Feel4Diabetes 研究的基线评估。评估了人体测量学、社会人口统计学、饮食和行为数据，并进行了空腹血糖测量。通过主成分分析得出 LPs。得出了两个解释总变异 32%的 LPs。LP1 的特征是早餐摄入、水果和浆果、蔬菜和坚果及种子的高摄入量以及咸零食和含糖软饮料的低摄入量，而 LP2 的特征是高摄入量的咸甜零食、含糖软饮料和含糖果汁以及久坐行为。在调整了各种混杂因素后，LP2 与前驱糖尿病的存在呈正相关（比值比=1.02，95%CI 1.01-1.04），而 LP1 与前驱糖尿病无显著相关性。了解 LPs 将为规划前驱糖尿病和 T2D 的干预和教育策略提供必要的证据。
